PMID: 8597915Dec 1, 1995Paper

Spontaneous agonal respiration in a swine model of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest

Academic Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine
J J Menegazzi, B D Check

Abstract

To describe ventilatory dynamics following the onset of ventricular fibrillation (VF) in an experimental swine model. Twelve female mixed-breed domestic swine (mean mass 21.3 +/- 1.7 kg) were sedated with IM ketamine (10 mg/kg) and xylazine (1 mg/kg), anesthetized with alpha-chloralose (40 mg/kg loading dose, 10 mg/kg/hr maintenance infusion), intubated, and mechanically ventilated on room air. ECG, and aortic and pulmonary artery pressures were monitored continuously. VF was induced with a 3-sec, 60-Hz, 100-mA transthoracic shock, and left untreated for 8 minutes. Respiratory rate, tidal volume, and minute ventilation were recorded until respiratory activity ceased. All 12 animals (100%) had agonal respirations through the first 2 minutes of arrest. This decreased to 11 (92%) at minute 3, five (42%) at minute 4, and two (17%) at minute 7. Mean respiratory rates ranged from 6 to 11 breaths/min. Mean tidal volumes ranged from 502 to 852 mL. Mean minute ventilations ranged from 3.3 to 5.8 L. In this swine model, 11 of 12 (92%) continued to have spontaneous agonal respirations for the first 3 minutes of VF cardiac arrest. Many animals had supranormal tidal volumes, and near-normal minute ventilations. These findings have potential...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 23, 2006·Critical Care Medicine·Mioara D Manole, Robert W Hickey
Mar 10, 2000·Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE·C W CallawayJ J Menegazzi
Aug 3, 2001·Academic Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine·H E WangM Hsieh
Feb 22, 2008·Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine·S J Plunkett, M McMichael
Jul 26, 2006·Pediatric Research·Mioara D ManoleBradley B Keller
Dec 17, 2014·Annales de pathologie·Philippe CharlierLuc Brun
Jan 28, 1998·Academic Emergency Medicine : Official Journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine·S C TadlerJ J Menegazzi
Aug 30, 2006·The American Journal of Emergency Medicine·Eric M Rottenberg
Jul 13, 2006·Resuscitation·Gavin D PerkinsKoenraad G Monsieurs
Aug 9, 2016·The American Journal of Emergency Medicine·Eric M Rottenberg
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Jan 14, 2000·Prehospital Emergency Care : Official Journal of the National Association of EMS Physicians and the National Association of State EMS Directors·R A SworK H Chu

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