Squamous-cell carcinoma of the anus: progress in radiotherapy treatment

Nature Reviews. Clinical Oncology
Rob Glynne-JonesPeter Hoskin

Abstract

Chemoradiotherapy is the standard-of-care treatment of squamous-cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA), and this has not changed in decades. Radiation doses of 50-60 Gy, as used in many phase III trials, result in substantial late morbidities and fail to control larger and node-positive tumours. Technological advances in radiation therapy are improving patient outcomes and quality of life, and should be applied to patients with SCCA. Modern techniques such as intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), rotational IMRT, image-guided radiotherapy using cone-beam CT, and stereotactic techniques have enabled smaller margins and highly conformal plans, resulting in decreased radiation doses to the organs at risk and ensuring a shorter overall treatment time. In this Perspectives article, the use of novel approaches to target delineation, optimized radiotherapy techniques, adaptive radiotherapy, dose-escalation with external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) or brachytherapy, and the potential for modified fractionation are discussed in the context of SCCA.

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Citations

Nov 28, 2016·Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America·Ethan B LudmirBrian G Czito
May 20, 2018·Radiation Oncology·Michael P JonesMichael Jameson
Apr 4, 2021·Cancers·Edward Christopher DeeJennifer Y Wo

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