Abstract
The changes in the arterial to end-tidal carbon dioxide gradient. P(a-ET)CO2, were studied in postoperative cardiac surgery patients from the time of admission to the intensive care unit, during changing cardiorespiratory support, up to the time of tracheal extubation. Individual factors evaluated for their effects on P(a-ET)CO2 included rate of mechanical ventilation, infusion of vasoactive agents (nitroglycerin, nitroprusside, dopamine, dobutamine, and metariminol), and associated changes in haemodynamic pathophysiology (cardiac index, pulmonary artery pressure, pulmonary vascular resistance index, systemic vascular resistance index, and pulmonary capillary wedge pressure). After approval by the Clinical Investigation Committee, 59 patients, age 63 +/- 9 (41 to 75) yr, were studied and 382 individual gradient determinations made. Mean P(a-ET)CO2 was 5.47 +/- 5.21 mmHg, with the mean PaCO2, 36.51 +/- 5.89 mmHg and mean ETCO2, 31.04 +/- 6.44 mmHg. For the population as a whole, the correlation between PaCO2 and ETCO2 determined by regression analysis was maintained (R = 0.644, P less than 0.001). Comparison of the individual and population correlation coefficients by Student's t test showed no significant difference, but a norm...Continue Reading
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