Stability of Regulatory T Cells Undermined or Endorsed by Different Type-1 Cytokines

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
Silvia Piconese, Vincenzo Barnaba

Abstract

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) encompass an array of immunosuppressive cells responsible for the protection against exacerbated immune responses and the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Various Treg subtypes, normally resident within distinct lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues, can be recruited and expanded during inflammation, possibly undergoing functional and molecular re-programming. Generally, two processes have been reported in different settings of type-1 response: i) Treg subpopulations acquiring the ability to specifically suppress Th1 cells (called Th1-suppressing Tregs), and ii) Treg subsets rather polarizing into IFN-γ-producing (called Th1-like) Tregs.Along the development of type-1 responses, Tregs are exposed to a variety of cytokines and other signals, exerting disparate activities. The combinatorial effects of typical Th1-driving cytokines, such as IL-12 (mostly produced by antigen-presenting cells during Th1 priming) and IFN-γ (mostly produced by pre-existing NK cells) lead to inhibition of Treg expansion and function, while promoting Th1-like Treg polarization. Conversely, cytokines produced at more advanced phases by Th1 effectors, such as IL-2, TNF-α and IFN-γ, promote Treg proliferation and/or Th1-suppressing...Continue Reading

Citations

Dec 25, 2016·Translational Research : the Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine·Elisa AlcheraRita Carini
Oct 27, 2016·Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine : Official Publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology·Olav SchreursKarl Schenck
May 24, 2018·Cellular & Molecular Immunology·Gap Ryol Lee
Dec 31, 2020·Clinical & Translational Immunology·Ilenia PacellaSilvia Piconese

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