Standard morphologic evaluation of the heart in the laboratory dog and monkey

Toxicologic Pathology
Charlotte M Keenan, Justin D Vidal

Abstract

The nonrodent species most commonly utilized in preclinical safety studies are the purpose-bred beagle dog and cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis). Potential effects of a new chemical entity (NCE) on the heart pose serious concerns; consequently in vivo testing is focused on detection of functional alterations as well as morphological changes. Macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of the heart is based on a standard survey of key structures to properly assess presence of spontaneous and potential drug-induced lesions. Evaluation of historical controls to determine type and frequency of background change is valuable, as studies with non-rodent species generally have a small sample size. Archived control dog and monkey data were retrospectively reviewed, including terminal body weight (BW), heart weight (HW), and archival glass slides of heart. Control dogs had minimal background changes that included myxomatous or cartilagenous change in the cardiac skeleton and a variable degree of vacuolation in Purkinje fibers. Control monkey hearts commonly contained inflammatory cell infiltrates, myocyte anisokaryosis, and handling artifacts, while myocyte degeneration, squamous plaques, pigment, and intimal plaques were occasionally ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 12, 2010·Journal of Comparative Pathology·A Mete, S P McDonough
Apr 6, 2012·International Journal of Cardiology·Bram RoosensBernard Cosyns
May 1, 2010·Toxicologic Pathology·Abraham Nyska, Margarita M Gruebbel
Nov 2, 2013·Toxicologic Pathology·Karen Bodié, Joshua H Decker
Feb 4, 2010·Toxicologic Pathology·Justin D VidalHeath C Thomas
May 19, 2012·Drug Metabolism and Disposition : the Biological Fate of Chemicals·Stephanie HallerSara Belli
Mar 11, 2020·Cardio-Oncology·Eugene Herman, Sandy Eldridge
Dec 2, 2008·The Journal of Toxicological Sciences·Ayano TakeuchiYuji Oishi
Oct 24, 2020·Toxicologic Pathology·Rebecca Kohnken, Angella Weber
May 16, 2019·Clinical Cancer Research : an Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Research·Changhua JiBernard S Buetow
Nov 19, 2020·Veterinary Pathology·Ching Yang, Rebecca Kohnken
Mar 6, 2021·Journal of Medical Primatology·Sergey V OrlovAleksander N Kulikov

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
dissection

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