Stanford-A acute aortic dissection, inflammation, and metalloproteinases: a review

Annals of Medicine
Noemi CifaniFlavia Del Porto

Abstract

Acute aortic dissection (AAD) is a life-threatening disease with an incidence of about 2.6-3.6 cases per 100,000/year. Depending on the site of rupture, AAD is classified as Stanford-A when the ascending aortic thoracic tract and/or the arch are involved, and Stanford-B when the descending thoracic aorta and/or aortic abdominal tract are targeted. It was recently shown that inflammatory pathways underlie aortic rupture in both type A and type B Stanford AAD. An immune infiltrate has been found within the middle and outer tunics of dissected aortic specimens. It has also been observed that the recall and activation of macrophages inside the middle tunic are key events in the early phases of AAD. Macrophages are able to release metalloproteinases (MMPs) and pro-inflammatory cytokines which, in turn, give rise to matrix degradation and neoangiogenesis. An imbalance between the production of MMPs and MMP tissue inhibitors is pivotal in the extracellular matrix degradation underlying aortic wall remodelling in dissections occurring both in inherited conditions and in atherosclerosis. Among MMPs, MMP-12 is considered a specific marker of aortic wall disease, whatever the genetic predisposition may be. The aim of this review is, there...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 15, 2016·BMC Cardiovascular Disorders·Ou LiuHongjia Zhang
Oct 18, 2016·Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases : the Official Journal of National Stroke Association·Flavia Del PortoMaurizio Taurino
Aug 31, 2019·Journal of Immunology Research·Noemi CifaniFlavia Del Porto
Jul 18, 2020·Clinical Hemorheology and Microcirculation·Li ZhaoXian-Jun Ma
Oct 20, 2018·JCI Insight·Fanny LaroumanieMeena S Madhur
Jul 8, 2020·Acta Biochimica Et Biophysica Sinica·Haizhen DuanAnyong Yu
Apr 24, 2020·Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology·Kaijie WangZhe Dong
Mar 3, 2020·Frontiers in Physiology·Xinhao WangWei Guo
Jan 7, 2020·Journal of the American Heart Association·Anja HofmannHenning Morawietz
Aug 25, 2020·Translational Research : the Journal of Laboratory and Clinical Medicine·Jiyuan PiaoYoungsook Son
Jul 22, 2020·Heart & Lung : the Journal of Critical Care·Yanjuan LinLiang-Wan Chen
Jul 24, 2021·Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society·Jingxuan LiuYanyan Jiang

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