Staphylococcus epidermidis Biofilms: Functional Molecules, Relation to Virulence, and Vaccine Potential.

Topics in Current Chemistry
Dietrich MackHolger Rohde

Abstract

Medical device-associated infections, most frequently caused by Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus aureus, are of increasing importance in modern medicine. The formation of adherent, multilayered bacterial biofilms is crucial in the pathogenesis of these infections. Polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA), a homoglycan of β-1,6-linked 2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D: -glucopyranosyl residues, of which about 15% are non-N-acetylated, is central to biofilm accumulation in staphylococci. It transpires that polysaccharides - structurally very similar to PIA - are also key to biofilm formation in a number of other organisms including the important human pathogens Escherichia coli, Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans, Yersinia pestis, and Bordetella spp. Apparently, synthesis of PIA and related polysaccharides is a general feature important for biofilm formation in diverse bacterial genera. Current knowledge about the structure and biosynthesis of PIA and related polysaccharides is reviewed. Additionally, information on their role in pathogenesis of biomaterial-related and other type of infections and the potential use of PIA and related compounds for prevention of infection is evaluated.

Citations

Mar 6, 2015·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Henning BüttnerHolger Rohde
Mar 3, 2012·Expert Review of Vaccines·Lieve Van MellaertJohan Van Eldere
Jun 6, 2020·Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics·Bahman MirzaeiSina Valinejad
Oct 27, 2009·The International Journal of Artificial Organs·Llinos G HarrisDietrich Mack

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