Starch formation inside plastids of higher plants

Protoplasma
Asena GorenIan J Tetlow

Abstract

Starch is a water-insoluble polyglucan synthesized inside the plastid stroma within plant cells, serving a crucial role in the carbon budget of the whole plant by acting as a short-term and long-term store of energy. The highly complex, hierarchical structure of the starch granule arises from the actions of a large suite of enzyme activities, in addition to physicochemical self-assembly mechanisms. This review outlines current knowledge of the starch biosynthetic pathway operating in plant cells in relation to the micro- and macro-structures of the starch granule. We highlight the gaps in our knowledge, in particular, the relationship between enzyme function and operation at the molecular level and the formation of the final, macroscopic architecture of the granule.

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Citations

Nov 20, 2018·Journal of Experimental Botany·David Seung, Alison M Smith
Feb 23, 2020·Annual Review of Plant Biology·Alison M Smith, Samuel C Zeeman
Aug 6, 2020·Frontiers in Plant Science·Danisa M L FerreroAlberto A Iglesias
Oct 12, 2018·Protoplasma·Peter Nick
Nov 30, 2018·Frontiers in Plant Science·Casper WilkensMarie Sofie Møller
Aug 18, 2020·Plant Signaling & Behavior·Hong-Di ShiDan-Dan Liu
Sep 27, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Ian J Tetlow, Eric Bertoft
Nov 20, 2020·Scientific Reports·Francesco SpinozziSerge Perez
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Piengtawan TappibanJinsong Bao
Aug 24, 2021·Carbohydrate Polymers·Xiaoyan TanRobert G Gilbert
Jan 11, 2022·Plant Molecular Biology·Carlos M FigueroaAlberto A Iglesias

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transglycosylation
X-ray
electron microscopy
NMR
transmission
atomic force microscopy
AFM

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