Stay Focused! The Effects of Internal and External Focus of Attention on Movement Automaticity in Patients with Stroke

PloS One
E C KalE J A Scherder

Abstract

Dual-task performance is often impaired after stroke. This may be resolved by enhancing patients' automaticity of movement. This study sets out to test the constrained action hypothesis, which holds that automaticity of movement is enhanced by triggering an external focus (on movement effects), rather than an internal focus (on movement execution). Thirty-nine individuals with chronic, unilateral stroke performed a one-leg-stepping task with both legs in single- and dual-task conditions. Attentional focus was manipulated with instructions. Motor performance (movement speed), movement automaticity (fluency of movement), and dual-task performance (dual-task costs) were assessed. The effects of focus on movement speed, single- and dual-task movement fluency, and dual-task costs were analysed with generalized estimating equations. Results showed that, overall, single-task performance was unaffected by focus (p = .341). Regarding movement fluency, no main effects of focus were found in single- or dual-task conditions (p's ≥ .13). However, focus by leg interactions suggested that an external focus reduced movement fluency of the paretic leg compared to an internal focus (single-task conditions: p = .068; dual-task conditions: p = .08...Continue Reading

Associated Clinical Trials

References

Apr 1, 1988·Scandinavian Journal of Work, Environment & Health·G JohansonB Dynésius
Jul 1, 1983·Archives of General Psychiatry·M F FolsteinJ E Helzer
Jan 1, 1980·European Neurology·G DemeurisseE Robaye
Feb 10, 2000·Journal of Experimental Child Psychology·J R ThomasG E Stelmach
May 10, 2000·Gait & Posture·A Hreljac
Jan 5, 2002·The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology. A, Human Experimental Psychology·G WulfC H Shea
Jul 20, 2002·The American Journal of Occupational Therapy : Official Publication of the American Occupational Therapy Association·Susan E FasoliMieke H Verfaellie
Feb 18, 2003·Psychological Research·Nancy H McNevinGabriele Wulf
Aug 28, 2003·Consciousness and Cognition·J P MaxwellF F Eves
Jun 1, 1965·Perceptual and Motor Skills·R B LOCKARD
Oct 3, 2003·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Alan Baddeley
Jun 18, 2004·Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry·D Hyndman, A Ashburn
Feb 8, 2005·Journal of Motor Behavior·Jason VanceJohn Mercer
Mar 25, 2005·Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine·Ulla-Britt FlansbjerJan Lexell
Jul 26, 2005·Journal of Neurobiology·Marie P FogartyRobert J Wechsler-Reya
Dec 22, 2005·Journal of Sports Sciences·J M PooltonM Raab
Nov 21, 2007·Journal of Neurologic Physical Therapy : JNPT·Karen McCulloch
May 27, 2008·Tijdschrift voor gerontologie en geriatrie·B SchmandM van den Dungen
Jul 9, 2008·Journal of Sports Sciences·Stephen M WeissDavid R Owen
Oct 23, 2008·The Clinical Neuropsychologist·Antolin M LlorenteLouis F D'Elia
Nov 7, 2008·Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair·A J OrrellF F Eves
Dec 25, 2008·Physiotherapy Research International : the Journal for Researchers and Clinicians in Physical Therapy·Katherine DurhamCatherine Sackley
May 29, 2009·European Journal of Neurology : the Official Journal of the European Federation of Neurological Societies·O BeauchetF R Herrmann
Nov 7, 2009·Journal of Motor Behavior·Neville Hogan, Dagmar Sternad
Sep 14, 2010·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Emad Al-YahyaJanet Cockburn
Sep 21, 2010·Gait & Posture·Suzete ChiviacowskyRaquel Wally
Jul 18, 2012·Clinical Rehabilitation·Melanie KleynenRich S W Masters
Aug 27, 2013·Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation·Prudence PlummerUNKNOWN American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine Stroke Networking Group Cognition Task Force

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 3, 2016·Journal of Motor Behavior·J E A BrockenJ van der Kamp
Jan 13, 2017·Physiological Reports·Jonathan L A de Melker WormsPeter J Beek
Apr 5, 2018·Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport·Femke van AbswoudeBert Steenbergen
Jun 8, 2018·CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics·Tiziana Marilena FlorioMarcello Alecci
Nov 7, 2019·American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation·Grace J Kim, Peii Chen
Jan 29, 2019·Frontiers in Neurology·Victoria W K ChowThomson W L Wong
Mar 4, 2021·Medicine·Camila L A GomesUNKNOWN Research Group on Human Motricity, Physiology –MOFISH
Jul 23, 2021·Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation·Jessica PowersKara K Patterson

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Software Mentioned

Mixcraft
LabVIEW
ARTT
Matlab
SPSS

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.