STED microscopy reveals that synaptotagmin remains clustered after synaptic vesicle exocytosis

Nature
Katrin I WilligStefan W Hell

Abstract

Synaptic transmission is mediated by neurotransmitters that are stored in synaptic vesicles and released by exocytosis upon activation. The vesicle membrane is then retrieved by endocytosis, and synaptic vesicles are regenerated and re-filled with neurotransmitter. Although many aspects of vesicle recycling are understood, the fate of the vesicles after fusion is still unclear. Do their components diffuse on the plasma membrane, or do they remain together? This question has been difficult to answer because synaptic vesicles are too small (approximately 40 nm in diameter) and too densely packed to be resolved by available fluorescence microscopes. Here we use stimulated emission depletion (STED) to reduce the focal spot area by about an order of magnitude below the diffraction limit, thereby resolving individual vesicles in the synapse. We show that synaptotagmin I, a protein resident in the vesicle membrane, remains clustered in isolated patches on the presynaptic membrane regardless of whether the nerve terminals are mildly active or intensely stimulated. This suggests that at least some vesicle constituents remain together during recycling. Our study also demonstrates that questions involving cellular structures with dimensio...Continue Reading

References

Feb 1, 1992·The Journal of Cell Biology·M K BennettR H Scheller
May 1, 1973·The Journal of Cell Biology·B CeccarelliA Mauro
Oct 23, 1997·Journal of Neuroscience Methods·C Rosenmund, C F Stevens
Apr 27, 2000·Nature Cell Biology·S Sankaranarayanan, T A Ryan
Jul 19, 2000·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·T A KlarS W Hell
Jun 6, 2003·Nature·Sunil P Gandhi, Charles F Stevens
Sep 10, 2003·The Journal of Physiology·Stephen J Royle, Leon Lagnado
Nov 5, 2003·Nature Biotechnology·Stefan W Hell
Jun 26, 2004·Annual Review of Neuroscience·Thomas C Sudhof
Dec 22, 2004·Nature Reviews. Neuroscience·Silvio O Rizzoli, William J Betz
May 21, 2005·Physical Review Letters·Volker Westphal, Stefan W Hell
Jul 26, 2004·Optics Express·P Török, P Munro

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Mar 17, 2010·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Geert J P L KopsPatrick Meraldi
Jul 19, 2013·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Chaehyun YookJinhyun Kim
May 19, 2010·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Donna M OmiatekAndrew G Ewing
Sep 3, 2010·Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry·Kirstin ElgassFrank Schleifenbaum
Jul 3, 2007·Histochemistry and Cell Biology·Michael FrotscherDaniel Studer
Jul 14, 2010·Amino Acids·Bjoern MeyerMichael Karas
May 8, 2008·Chromosome Research : an International Journal on the Molecular, Supramolecular and Evolutionary Aspects of Chromosome Biology·Peter M Carlton
Jan 17, 2014·Journal of Chemical Biology·Jose Requejo-Isidro
Jun 13, 2013·Trends in Cell Biology·Dmytro Puchkov, Volker Haucke
Nov 10, 2011·Microscopy and Microanalysis : the Official Journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada·Julia SedlmairThomas Pfohl
Jul 27, 2012·Microscopy and Microanalysis : the Official Journal of Microscopy Society of America, Microbeam Analysis Society, Microscopical Society of Canada·Caixia LvDavid Zenisek
Mar 23, 2011·Analytical Chemistry·Yinxi HuangPeng Chen
Feb 7, 2012·Analytical Chemistry·Xingbo ShiHongwei Gai
Oct 1, 2013·ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces·Jixin ChenChristy F Landes
Feb 16, 2013·Chemical Reviews·Anthony S StenderNing Fang
Apr 11, 2013·Chemical Reviews·Chad P SatoriEdgar A Arriaga
Apr 26, 2012·ACS Nano·Yonatan SivanStefan A Maier
Oct 25, 2012·Nature Communications·Kem A SochackiJustin W Taraska
Jan 1, 2009·Nature Methods·Stefan W Hell
May 1, 2009·Nature Methods·Peter KnerMats G L Gustafsson
Sep 29, 2012·Nature Methods·Felipe OpazoSilvio O Rizzoli
Jan 1, 2009·Nature Methods·Jennifer Lippincott-Schwartz, Suliana Manley
Sep 13, 2006·Nature Methods·Daniel Evanko
Oct 24, 2007·Nature Methods·Katrin I WilligStefan W Hell
Aug 10, 2006·Nature Methods·Katrin I WilligStefan W Hell
May 12, 2009·Nature Neuroscience·Naila Ben Fredj, Juan Burrone
Jun 15, 2011·Nature Neuroscience·Yunfeng HuaJurgen Klingauf
Jun 27, 2013·Nature Neuroscience·Marta Maglione, Stephan J Sigrist
Nov 8, 2008·Nature Nanotechnology·Christian Degen
Apr 5, 2007·Nature Protocols·Thomas Biederer, Peter Scheiffele
Nov 13, 2008·Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology·Marta Fernández-Suárez, Alice Y Ting
Feb 4, 2010·Photochemical & Photobiological Sciences : Official Journal of the European Photochemistry Association and the European Society for Photobiology·Hideaki MizunoAtsushi Miyawaki
Feb 22, 2012·The Analyst·Jacqueline D KeighronAnn-Sofie Cans
Feb 29, 2008·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Amit AgrawalShuming Nie
Jan 24, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·N de JongeD W Piston
Nov 26, 2008·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·U Valentin NägerlTobias Bonhoeffer
Dec 18, 2008·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Alipasha VaziriCharles V Shank
Jun 3, 2009·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Sina V BaryschSilvio O Rizzoli
Oct 20, 2010·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Peer HoopmannSilvio O Rizzoli

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.