Stochastic gene expression and chromosome interactions in protecting the human active X from silencing by XIST.

Nucleus
Barbara R Migeon

Abstract

Mammals use X chromosome inactivation to compensate for the sex difference in numbers of X chromosomes. A relatively unexplored question is how the active X is protected from inactivation by its own XIST gene, the long non-coding RNA, which initiates silence of the inactive X.  Previous studies of autosomal duplications show that human chromosome 19 plays a critical role in protecting the active X. I proposed that it genetically interacts with the X chromosome to repress XIST function on the future active X.  Here, I show that the type of  chromosome 19 duplication influences the outcome of the interaction: the presence of three chromosome 19s is tolerated whereas duplications affecting only one chromosome 19 are not. The different outcomes have mechanistic implications for how chromosome 19 interacts with the future active X, pointing to a role for stochastic gene expression and possibly physical interaction.

References

Dec 1, 1992·Clinical Genetics·G TachdjianC Nessmann
Mar 1, 1992·Clinical Genetics·B A SalbertJ Bodurtha
Jan 1, 1989·Cytogenetics and Cell Genetics·P A Jacobs, B R Migeon
Jul 17, 1995·American Journal of Medical Genetics·R F StrattonC M Moore
Dec 15, 1993·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·B R MigeonJ E Wiley
Apr 7, 1999·Nature Genetics·J T LeeD Warshawsky
Jun 15, 1999·The Journal of Cell Biology·J A CroftW A Bickmore
May 23, 2002·American Journal of Human Genetics·Barbara R MigeonHeather Carpenter
Nov 1, 2007·European Journal of Human Genetics : EJHG·Barbara R MigeonPatricia A Jacobs
Sep 11, 2008·European Journal of Human Genetics : EJHG·Suzanne B Cassidy, Daniel J Driscoll
Apr 7, 2009·American Journal of Human Genetics·Helen V FirthNigel P Carter
Mar 20, 2010·Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology·Thomas Cremer, Marion Cremer
Aug 24, 2010·Immunological Reviews·Christian Vettermann, Mark S Schlissel
Jan 6, 2015·American Journal of Human Genetics·Christelle BorelStylianos E Antonarakis
Jan 26, 2016·Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology·Barbara R Migeon
Apr 23, 2016·Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology·Anne-Valerie GendrelEdith Heard
Apr 27, 2016·Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology·Christine M Disteche
Oct 28, 2016·Nature Genetics·Björn ReiniusRickard Sandberg
Apr 14, 2017·Journal of Cell Science·Sigal Shachar, Tom Misteli
Oct 11, 2017·Trends in Genetics : TIG·Barbara R Migeon
Sep 7, 2019·Current Opinion in Genetics & Development·Elizaveta Bashkirova, Stavros Lomvardas
Sep 27, 2019·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Barbara R Migeon
Oct 5, 2019·Nature Communications·Georgios StamoulisStylianos E Antonarakis
Jan 25, 2020·Developmental Cell·Jan Tomasz Czermiński, Jeanne Bentley Lawrence

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
HiC

Software Mentioned

DECIPHER
USC browser

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.