Strategies to Dissect Host-Microbial Immune Interactions That Determine Mucosal Homeostasis vs. Intestinal Inflammation in Gnotobiotic Mice.

Frontiers in Immunology
Allison R RogalaR Balfour Sartor

Abstract

When identifying the key immunologic-microbial interactions leading to either mucosal homeostasis in normal hosts or intestinal inflammatory responses in genetically susceptible individuals, it is important to not only identify microbial community correlations but to also define the functional pathways involved. Gnotobiotic rodents are a very effective tool for this purpose as they provide a highly controlled environment in which to identify the function of complex intestinal microbiota, their individual components, and metabolic products. Herein we review specific strategies using gnotobiotic mice to functionally evaluate the role of various intestinal microbiota in host responses. These studies include basic comparisons between host responses in germ-free (GF), specific-pathogen-free or conventionally raised wild-type mice or those with underlying genetic susceptibilities to intestinal inflammation. We also discuss what can be learned from studies in which GF mice are colonized with single wild-type or genetically-modified microbial isolates to examine the functions of individual bacteria and their targeted bacterial genes, or colonized by multiple defined isolates to determine interactions between members of defined consorti...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 18, 2020·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·Hao GuoJenny P Y Ting
Aug 28, 2020·Current Opinion in Microbiology·Kathy D McCoy, Christina L Ohland

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
dissect
transgenic
ELISA
biopsy

Software Mentioned

PICRUS
MetaHIT

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