Strategies to overexpress enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) colonization factors for the construction of oral whole-cell inactivated ETEC vaccine candidates

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
Joshua Tobias, Ann-Mari Svennerholm

Abstract

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is an important cause of diarrheal disease and deaths among children in developing countries and the major cause of traveler's diarrhea (TD). Since surface protein colonization factors (CFs) of ETEC are important for pathogenicity and immune protection is mainly mediated by locally produced IgA antibodies in the gut, much effort has focused on the development of an oral CF-based vaccine. The most extensively studied ETEC candidate vaccine is the rCTB-CF ETEC vaccine, containing recombinantly produced cholera B subunit and the most commonly encountered ETEC CFs on the surface of whole inactivated bacteria. Initial clinical trials with this vaccine showed significant immune responses against the key antigens in different age groups in Bangladesh and Egypt and protection against more severe TD in Western travelers. However, when tested in a phase-III trial in Egyptian infants, the protective efficacy of the vaccine was found to be low, indicating the need to improve the immunogenicity of the vaccine, e.g., by increasing the levels of the protective antigens. This review describes different strategies for the construction of recombinant nontoxigenic E. coli and Vibrio cholerae candidate vacci...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 17, 2012·Current Gastroenterology Reports·Margarita M P Arenas-HernándezAlfredo G Torres
Apr 26, 2014·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Mohammad Murshid AlamFirdausi Qadri
Nov 30, 2013·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Nerino AllocatiCarmine Di Ilio
Mar 31, 2015·Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews·Christopher J H Davitt, Ed C Lavelle
Nov 24, 2012·Microbiology·Manvendra SaxenaPeter M Smooker
May 10, 2016·Journal of Controlled Release : Official Journal of the Controlled Release Society·Christopher J H DavittEd C Lavelle
Aug 6, 2015·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Amit KumarPhilip R Hardwidge
Jul 6, 2013·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Tanvir AhmedFirdausi Qadri
Feb 18, 2016·Infection and Immunity·Arne M TaxtPål Puntervoll
Apr 8, 2014·Expert Review of Vaccines·James FleckensteinFirdausi Qadri
Nov 14, 2016·Journal of Materials Chemistry. B, Materials for Biology and Medicine·Songzhi XieXiaohong Li
Oct 13, 2017·International Journal of Pharmaceutics·Stephanie LongetEd C Lavelle

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