Stress Can Induce Transcription of Toxin-Antitoxin Systems without Activating Toxin.

Molecular Cell
Michele LeRouxMichael T Laub

Abstract

Toxin-antitoxin (TA) systems are ubiquitous genetic elements in bacterial genomes, but their functions are controversial. Although they are frequently postulated to regulate cell growth following stress, few null phenotypes for TA systems have been reported. Here, we show that TA transcript levels can increase substantially in response to stress, but toxin is not liberated. We find that the growth of an Escherichia coli strain lacking ten TA systems encoding endoribonuclease toxins is not affected following exposure to six stresses that each trigger TA transcription. Additionally, using RNA sequencing, we find no evidence of mRNA cleavage following stress. Stress-induced transcription arises from antitoxin degradation and relief of transcriptional autoregulation. Importantly, although free antitoxin is readily degraded in vivo, antitoxin bound to toxin is protected from proteolysis, preventing release of active toxin. Thus, transcription is not a reliable marker of TA activity, and TA systems do not strongly promote survival following individual stresses.

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Citations

Sep 10, 2020·Frontiers in Microbiology·Sooyeon Song, Thomas K Wood
Oct 20, 2020·Microbial Genomics·Hannah G HamptonPeter C Fineran
Oct 24, 2020·Structure·Marie B BertelsenDitlev E Brodersen
Nov 13, 2020·Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews : MMBR·Niilo KaldaluTanel Tenson
Dec 19, 2020·Toxins·María Moreno-Del ÁlamoJuan C Alonso
Mar 27, 2021·Microbial Biotechnology·Thomas K Wood
Apr 1, 2021·Protein Science : a Publication of the Protein Society·Pieter De BruynRemy Loris
May 1, 2021·Microorganisms·Inmaculada Moreno-CórdobaManuel Espinosa
Jun 4, 2021·Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences·Patricia Bordes, Pierre Genevaux
Jun 3, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Lidia BossAgnieszka Szalewska-Pałasz
Jul 2, 2021·Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Structural Biology·Gabriela Garcia-RodriguezRemy Loris
Jan 4, 2022·Nature Reviews. Microbiology·Dukas JurėnasLaurence Van Melderen

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