Stringent Constraints on Fundamental Constant Evolution Using Conjugate 18 cm Satellite OH Lines

Physical Review Letters
N KanekarJayaram N Chengalur

Abstract

We have used the Arecibo Telescope to carry out one of the deepest-ever integrations in radio astronomy, targeting the redshifted conjugate satellite OH 18 cm lines at z≈0.247 towards PKS 1413+135. The satellite OH 1720 and 1612 MHz lines are, respectively, in emission and absorption, with exactly the same line shapes due to population inversion in the OH ground state levels. Since the 1720 and 1612 MHz line rest frequencies have different dependences on the fine structure constant α and the proton-electron mass ratio μ, a comparison between their measured redshifts allows one to probe changes in α and μ with cosmological time. In the case of conjugate satellite OH 18 cm lines, the predicted perfect cancellation of the sum of the line optical depths provides a strong test for the presence of systematic effects that might limit their use in probing fundamental constant evolution. A nonparametric analysis of our new Arecibo data yields [ΔX/X]=(+0.97±1.52)×10^{-6}, where X≡μα^{2}. Combining this with our earlier results from the Arecibo Telescope and the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope, we obtain [ΔX/X]=(-1.0±1.3)×10^{-6}, consistent with no changes in the quantity μα^{2} over the last 2.9 Gyr. This is the most stringent pres...Continue Reading

References

Dec 20, 2003·Physical Review Letters·Jayaram N Chengalur, Nissim Kanekar
Aug 25, 2004·Physical Review Letters·Nissim KanekarTapasi Ghosh
Aug 7, 2007·Physical Review Letters·V V Flambaum, M G Kozlov
Dec 21, 2011·Physical Review Letters·J K WebbM B Bainbridge
Jan 1, 2011·Living Reviews in Relativity·Jean-Philippe Uzan

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Citations

Aug 14, 2020·The Journal of Physical Chemistry. a·Anna-Katharina Hansmann, Robert Berger

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