Stroke pharmacogenomics

Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy
Antonia M R BilleciValeria Caso

Abstract

Circulatory disease accounts for fifteen million deaths each year, of which stroke accounts for four and a half million- with an estimated nine million stroke survivors annually. The overall incidence rate of stroke is 2 to 2.5 per thousand adults with an approximate prevalence of 5 per thousand and an estimated 5-year risk of stroke recurrence of 15 to 40 percent. Conventional risk factors for stroke include: increasing age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, smoking, increased body mass index, ischemic heart disease, heart failure, atrial fibrillation and lack of physical activity. Age is the strongest risk factor for both ischemic and haemorrhagic stroke with its incidence doubling for each successive decade after the age of fifty-five years. However, there is a substantial portion of patients with significant cerebrovascular disease who do not have any of these stroke risk-factors, leading to the speculation that there are other factors that have not been identified yet So as to improve diagnosis and treatment strategies, as well as to reduce the related public health burden, it could be helpful to successfully identify its extremely complex genetic determinants (polygenic, multiple genes play a role). Pharmacogenetics is the...Continue Reading

References

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