Strong stress-composition coupling in lithium alloy nanoparticles

Nature Communications
Hyeon Kook SeoJong Min Yuk

Abstract

The stress inevitably imposed during electrochemical reactions is expected to fundamentally affect the electrochemistry, phase behavior and morphology of electrodes in service. Here, we show a strong stress-composition coupling in lithium binary alloys during the lithiation of tin-tin oxide core-shell nanoparticles. Using in situ graphene liquid cell electron microscopy imaging, we visualise the generation of a non-uniform composition field in the nanoparticles during lithiation. Stress models based on density functional theory calculations show that the composition gradient is proportional to the applied stress. Based on this coupling, we demonstrate that we can directionally control the lithium distribution by applying different stresses to lithium alloy materials. Our results provide insights into stress-lithium electrochemistry coupling at the nanoscale and suggest potential applications of lithium alloy nanoparticles.

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
transmission electron microscopy
electron microscopy
electron diffraction
X-ray
irradiating

Software Mentioned

- Display
Vienna ab initio simulations
Rigaku
Gatan Microscopy Suite
Gatan Digital Micrograph

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