Structural analysis of chordae tendineae in degenerative disease of the mitral valve

International Journal of Cardiology
José M IcardoJosé M Revuelta

Abstract

Degenerative disease of the mitral valve (DDMV) is always accompanied by lengthening and/or rupture of chordae tendineae. However, the mechanisms and the mode of chordal rupture remain controversial, and the pathologic anatomy of the apparently healthy chordae has mostly been overlooked. We analyze the structural aspects of both ruptured and intact chordae tendineae in DDMV. Structural and ultrastructural microscopic analyses indicate that both the extracellular matrix and the interstitial cells are severely affected. Degenerative chordae show alterations in the synthesis and deposition of collagen and elastin, disorganization of collagen bundles and rupture of collagen fibres, accumulation of proteoglycans and of cellular and vesicular remnants, and cell transformation into a myofibroblast phenotype. Structural disruption makes the spongiosa and the dense collagenous core separate and break. Degeneration of the chordae is segmental, affecting both chordae that are clearly abnormal, and chordae that appear healthy on visual inspection. Changes in both matrix synthesis and degradation disturb the ordered collagen arrangement and modify the structural and physical properties of the chordae. Progressive structural disruption of th...Continue Reading

References

Oct 1, 1992·International Journal of Cardiology·L AgozzinoM Cotrufo
Jul 1, 1992·The Annals of Thoracic Surgery·M S UvaA F Carpentier
Jan 1, 1988·Anatomy and Embryology·A J Zamora, J F Marini
Mar 1, 1981·The Journal of Pathology·W Scott-JuppJ K Ross
Jul 24, 2003·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·K Jane Grande-AllenIvan Vesely
May 27, 2004·Developmental Dynamics : an Official Publication of the American Association of Anatomists·Joy LincolnKatherine E Yutzey
Oct 12, 2005·Experimental and Molecular Pathology·Keisuke InaYoshihisa Fujikura
Sep 18, 2007·Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery·Hartzell V SchaffMaurice Enriquez-Sarano
Sep 18, 2007·Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery·Joerg SeeburgerFriedrich W Mohr
Sep 18, 2007·Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery·Tirone E David
Feb 5, 2008·The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery·Willem FlamengMarie-Christine Herregods
Feb 12, 2008·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·M PhoC A McCulloch
May 20, 2009·Heart, Lung & Circulation·Joanna Chikwe, David H Adams

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

May 31, 2015·International Journal of Cardiology·Pietro PugliattiSalvatore Patanè
Jun 18, 2016·Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials·Keping ZuoWei Sun
Sep 10, 2016·Tissue Engineering. Part a·Christopher DebordeAgneta Simionescu
Mar 1, 2014·Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy·Nalini M Rajamannan
Jul 28, 2017··Eusebio RealJosé M. Revuelta
Feb 21, 2017··José M. RevueltaNieves González-Vargas

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.