Structural and functional anatomy of the neck musculature of the dog (Canis familiaris)

Journal of Anatomy
Amnon SharirRon Shahar

Abstract

The morphometric properties and the anatomical relationships of the entire musculature of the canine cervical spine are reported herein. These data were obtained from the dissection of cadavers of six dogs. Total muscle length, muscle weight, fascicle length and angles of pennation were recorded for each muscle comprising the canine cervical spine. Based upon these properties, physiological cross-section area (PCSA) and architectural index were estimated. When scaled by whole body mass, the values of each of these parameters were found to be similar between all dogs. Muscles that course from the cranial neck to the shoulder girdle or the rib cage (e.g. brachiocephalicus and rhomboideus capitis) were found to have relatively long fascicles and low PCSA values and thus appear to be designed for rapid excursions. By contrast, muscles that primarily support the neck and shoulder against gravitational forces (e.g. serratus ventralis and trapezius) were found to have relatively high PCSA values and short fascicle lengths, and thus have the capacity to generate large forces. Differences of morphometry as well as nomenclature were found between the canine and human neck musculature. Nevertheless, many similarities exist; in particular,...Continue Reading

References

Jan 11, 1975·Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research·A A WhiteW O Southwick
Jan 1, 1991·Journal of Biomechanics·C J SnijdersE R Roosch
Mar 1, 1991·Spine·G A DumasM Jovanovic
Jan 1, 1990·Journal of Biomechanics·J A Friederich, R A Brand
Aug 1, 1982·Journal of Morphology·R D Sacks, R R Roy
Nov 1, 1980·Australian Veterinary Journal·P SteeleH G Masters
Apr 1, 1993·Journal of Biomechanics·Y H TsuangG B Andersson
Jun 1, 1997·Experimental Brain Research·E A KeshnerS L Delp
Jul 9, 1998·Spine·L K Kamibayashi, F J Richmond
Mar 19, 1999·Journal of Morphology·F J RichmondD B Thomson
Mar 27, 1999·Journal of Biomechanics·I A Stokes, M Gardner-Morse
Apr 22, 1999·Journal of Biomechanical Engineering·M L VillarragaD H Dinh
Nov 30, 1999·Journal of Biomechanics·M D Klein BretelerF C Van der Helm
Jan 5, 2000·Clinical Biomechanics·S KumaresanF A Pintar
Oct 31, 2000·Muscle & Nerve·R L Lieber, J Fridén
Feb 22, 2001·Journal of Biomechanics·S L DelpR J Triolo
Feb 24, 2001·Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research·R L Lieber, J Fridén
Oct 16, 2001·Journal of Neurophysiology·F J RichmondB D Corneil
Apr 17, 2002·European Spine Journal : Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society·Theo H Smit
Nov 25, 2004·Journal of Morphology·Ron Shahar, Joshua Milgram
Feb 26, 2005·Journal of Anatomy·R C PayneA M Wilson
Jun 18, 2005·Journal of Anatomy·R C PayneA M Wilson

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Apr 26, 2014·American Journal of Veterinary Research·Nicole RombachHilary M Clayton
May 27, 2011·Equine Veterinary Journal. Supplement·R R ZsoldosC Peham
Apr 23, 2016·Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology : V.C.O.T·Billy DriesIngrid Gielen
Oct 16, 2018·Journal of Anatomy·Paulo de Souza JuniorAndré Luiz Quagliatto Santos
Nov 20, 2016·Journal of Anatomy·J A García LiñeiroC L Victorica
Feb 9, 2018·The Anatomical Record : Advances in Integrative Anatomy and Evolutionary Biology·Christine BöhmerAnthony Herrel
Nov 17, 2020·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Chris Zink, Marcia R Schlehr
Mar 17, 2021·Anatomia, histologia, embryologia·Billy P R DriesIngrid Gielen
Nov 29, 2016·Research in Veterinary Science·M AlizadehW S Marras

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.