Structural and functional characterization of myotoxin I, a Lys49 phospholipase A2 homologue from the venom of the snake Bothrops atrox

Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology
Vitelbina NúñezB Lomonte

Abstract

A new myotoxin was isolated from the venom of Bothrops atrox from Colombia. B. atrox myotoxin I is a homodimer, with a subunit molecular mass of 13,826, and a pI of 8.9. Its complete nucleotide sequence was obtained by cDNA cloning, indicating a mature product of 122 residues that belongs to the family of Lys49 phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)) homologues, a subgroup of catalytically inactive proteins within the group IIA. Accordingly, the toxin was devoid of phospholipase and anticoagulant activities, in vitro. In mice, it induced conspicuous local myonecrosis, edema, and a systemic interleukin-6 response. In vitro, it was cytolytic upon myoblasts, and weakly bactericidal. The toxin showed highest homology with other Lys49 PLA(2)s, both in its primary and three-dimensional modeled structure, although with an evident difference in the C-terminal region. Unlike Lys49 proteins of American crotalids having 121 residues, this toxin presents an insertion (Asn) between positions 118 and 119. Despite several substitutions within the C-terminal region 115-129 between B. atrox myotoxin I and B. asper myotoxin II, antibodies against synthetic peptide 115-129 of the latter were strongly cross-reactive to the former, indicating the antigenic con...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 23, 2016·FEBS Open Bio·Ramar Perumal SamyGautam Sethi
Jan 19, 2012·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part B, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology·Leidy Johana VargasVitelbina Núñez
Dec 29, 2009·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Anna Maria PerchucReto Stöcklin
Dec 1, 2009·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Alba Fabiola Costa TorresAlice M C Martins
Jan 1, 2005·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·J I Sosa-RosalesC Sevcik
Jan 18, 2006·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Ji-Fu WeiShao-Heng He
Apr 3, 2012·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Vanessa MoreiraCatarina Teixeira
Aug 15, 2015·The Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases·Danilo L MenaldoSuely V Sampaio
May 24, 2016·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Isabela Pacheco BorgesVeridiana de Melo Rodrigues
May 28, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Henri Bailon CalderonSerge Muyldermans
Jul 22, 2019·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Soledad BustilloBruno Lomonte
Jun 2, 2021·Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics·Bruno Gildo Dalla Vecchia MoralesFernando Berton Zanchi

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