Structural coordination of polymerization and crosslinking by a SEDS-bPBP peptidoglycan synthase complex.

Nature Microbiology
Megan SjodtAndrew C Kruse

Abstract

The shape, elongation, division and sporulation (SEDS) proteins are a highly conserved family of transmembrane glycosyltransferases that work in concert with class B penicillin-binding proteins (bPBPs) to build the bacterial peptidoglycan cell wall1-6. How these proteins coordinate polymerization of new glycan strands with their crosslinking to the existing peptidoglycan meshwork is unclear. Here, we report the crystal structure of the prototypical SEDS protein RodA from Thermus thermophilus in complex with its cognate bPBP at 3.3 Å resolution. The structure reveals a 1:1 stoichiometric complex with two extensive interaction interfaces between the proteins: one in the membrane plane and the other at the extracytoplasmic surface. When in complex with a bPBP, RodA shows an approximately 10 Å shift of transmembrane helix 7 that exposes a large membrane-accessible cavity. Negative-stain electron microscopy reveals that the complex can adopt a variety of different conformations. These data define the bPBP pedestal domain as the key allosteric activator of RodA both in vitro and in vivo, explaining how a SEDS-bPBP complex can coordinate its dual enzymatic activities of peptidoglycan polymerization and crosslinking to build the cell w...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 5, 2020·Microbiology·Danae Morales AngelesDirk-Jan Scheffers
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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray
electron microscopy
electrophoresis
size-exclusion chromatography
PCR

Software Mentioned

Phaser
PyMOL
ConSurf
refine
RELION ( REgularized LIkelihood OptimizatioN
ImageJ
Elements
EMAN2
Coot
NIS

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Bacterial cell walls are made of peptidoglycan (also called murein), which is made from polysaccharide chains cross-linked by unusual peptides containing D-amino acids. Here is the latest research on bacterial cell wall structures.

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