Structural insight into the rotational switching mechanism of the bacterial flagellar motor.

PLoS Biology
Tohru MinaminoKeiichi Namba

Abstract

The bacterial flagellar motor can rotate either clockwise (CW) or counterclockwise (CCW). Three flagellar proteins, FliG, FliM, and FliN, are required for rapid switching between the CW and CCW directions. Switching is achieved by a conformational change in FliG induced by the binding of a chemotaxis signaling protein, phospho-CheY, to FliM and FliN. FliG consists of three domains, FliG(N), FliG(M), and FliG(C), and forms a ring on the cytoplasmic face of the MS ring of the flagellar basal body. Crystal structures have been reported for the FliG(MC) domains of Thermotoga maritima, which consist of the FliG(M) and FliG(C) domains and a helix E that connects these two domains, and full-length FliG of Aquifex aeolicus. However, the basis for the switching mechanism is based only on previously obtained genetic data and is hence rather indirect. We characterized a CW-biased mutant (fliG(ΔPAA)) of Salmonella enterica by direct observation of rotation of a single motor at high temporal and spatial resolution. We also determined the crystal structure of the FliG(MC) domains of an equivalent deletion mutant variant of T. maritima (fliG(ΔPEV)). The FliG(ΔPAA) motor produced torque at wild-type levels under a wide range of external load c...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 28, 2014·Biomolecules·Yusuke V Morimoto, Tohru Minamino
Sep 6, 2011·Journal of Bacteriology·Koushik PaulDavid F Blair
Oct 5, 2011·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Koushik PaulDavid F Blair
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Dec 24, 2014·Journal of Molecular Biology·Ria SircarBrian R Crane
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Apr 5, 2014·Biochemistry·Xiaowei ZhaoJun Liu
Jun 16, 2011·The EMBO Journal·Koushik PaulDavid Blair
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Jul 5, 2015·Journal of Biochemistry·Yasuhiro OnoueMichio Homma
Jan 3, 2012·Journal of Molecular Biology·Gabriel ZarbivMichael Eisenbach
Jan 24, 2015·Trends in Microbiology·Tohru Minamino, Katsumi Imada
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Jun 28, 2016·Structure·Alessandro PandiniShahid Khan
Nov 22, 2012·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Pushkar P LeleHoward C Berg
Feb 7, 2018·Genes to Cells : Devoted to Molecular & Cellular Mechanisms·Miki KinoshitaTohru Minamino
Sep 4, 2012·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Masayoshi Nishiyama, Seiji Kojima
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Mar 28, 2013·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Ria SircarBrian R Crane
Jul 25, 2019·Biomolecules·Shuichi Nakamura, Tohru Minamino
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Sep 15, 2018·Journal of Molecular Modeling·Shyantani Maiti, Pralay Mitra
Sep 3, 2019·Nihon saikingaku zasshi. Japanese journal of bacteriology·Shuichi Nakamura

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray
electron cryo-microscopy
Assay

Software Mentioned

CNS
SOLVE
Coot
MOSFLM
SCALA

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