Structural mechanics of the mosquito heart and its function in bidirectional hemolymph transport

The Journal of Experimental Biology
Justin D GlennJulián F Hillyer

Abstract

The insect circulatory system transports nutrients, signaling molecules, wastes and immune factors to all areas of the body. The primary organ driving circulation is the dorsal vessel, which consists of an abdominal heart and a thoracic aorta. Here, we present qualitative and quantitative data characterizing the heart of the mosquito, Anopheles gambiae. Visual observation showed that the heart of resting mosquitoes contracts at a rate of 1.37 Hz (82 beats per minute) and switches contraction direction, with 72% of contractions occurring in the anterograde direction (toward the head) and 28% of contractions occurring in the retrograde direction (toward the tip of the abdomen). The heart is tethered to the midline of the abdominal tergum by six complete and three incomplete pairs of alary muscles, and propels hemolymph at an average velocity of 8 mm s(-1) by sequentially contracting muscle fibers oriented in a helical twist with respect to the lumen of the vessel. Hemolymph enters the heart through six pairs of incurrent abdominal ostia and one pair of ostia located at the thoraco-abdominal junction that receive hemolymph from the abdominal hemocoel and thoracic venous channels, respectively. The vessel expels hemolymph through d...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 22, 2014·General and Comparative Endocrinology·Julián F HillyerLauren E de la Parte
Apr 28, 2010·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Matthew T AliotaBruce M Christensen
Dec 1, 2010·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Bart BryantAlexander S Raikhel
Dec 5, 2012·PLoS Pathogens·Jonas G King, Julián F Hillyer
Oct 8, 2013·Arthropod Structure & Development·Ana Carolina M LeódidoGustavo F Martins
Dec 12, 2012·Cell and Tissue Research·Salvador Hernández-MartínezMario H Rodríguez
Jul 17, 2012·Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·Young-Jun ChoiBruce M Christensen
Dec 24, 2015·Developmental and Comparative Immunology·Julián F Hillyer
Jul 30, 2015·Mechanisms of Development·Laetitia BatailléAlain Vincent
Aug 1, 2015·Integrative and Comparative Biology·Karen G Burnett, Louis E Burnett
Apr 23, 2015·Integrative and Comparative Biology·Julián F Hillyer
Jun 24, 2015·Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology. Part A, Molecular & Integrative Physiology·Julián F HillyerHoma E Mirzai
Aug 5, 2015·Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology·Lindsay Waldrop, Laura Miller
Mar 20, 2012·Arthropod Structure & Development·Christine LehmacherAchim Paululat
Oct 14, 2014·Current Opinion in Insect Science·Julián F Hillyer, Michael R Strand
May 14, 2016·General and Comparative Endocrinology·María José Villalobos-SambucaroJorge Rafael Ronderos
May 23, 2015·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Yashdeep PhanseLyric C Bartholomay
Apr 22, 2015·PloS One·María José Villalobos-SambucaroJorge Rafael Ronderos
Mar 4, 2017·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Kay LammersAchim Paululat
Sep 10, 2020·Journal of the Royal Society, Interface·Lindsay D WaldropLaura A Miller
Apr 7, 2019·Journal of Comparative Physiology. B, Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology·S RomeroM Cunningham
Oct 6, 2019·Annual Review of Entomology·Julián F Hillyer, Günther Pass
Aug 12, 2018·Insects·Ankit KumarSujatha Sunil
Sep 22, 2020·Journal of Comparative Physiology. A, Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology·Alfonso Claros-GuzmánRodolfo González-Segovia
Jun 21, 2020·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Tania Y Estévez-LaoJulián F Hillyer
Nov 27, 2020·Science Advances·Yan Yan, Julián F Hillyer
Aug 5, 2019·Developmental and Comparative Immunology·Jonas G King
Mar 11, 2011·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Bo Heum KimSang Joon Lee

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