Structure and function in neuropeptides

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Containing Papers of a Biological Character
R Schwyzer

Abstract

This report reviews some aspects of the organization of molecular information, structure-activity relations and receptor interactions of three members of a family of neuroactive and hormonal peptides, adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH), alpha-melanotrophin (alpha-MSH) and the enkephalins, as they are presently being investigated in the author's laboratory (in collaboration with H. W. Kosterlitz, D. Schulster and P. W. Schiller). It has been established that ACTH acts on two different steroidogenically responsive receptors in rat adrenocortical cells: one that stimulates steroidogenesis without cyclic AMP synthesis and one that induces cyclic AMP production. This finding is a further example of the pleiotropic action of the opiocortin gene through different mechanisms. Another recent discovery, also related to the organization of ACTH information, reveals an unexpected interaction of ACTH(1-24) with lipid bilayer membranes: the molecule binds to the membranes in a reversible fashion and penetrates them. Parts of the hormonal message are exposed on the side of the membrane opposite to that to which the hormone was added. New 'fat' amino acids like carboranylalanine and adamantylalanine, as well as t-butylglycine, have been used to estab...Continue Reading

Citations

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