Stylized heterogeneous dynamic links among healthcare expenditures, land urbanization, and CO2 emissions across economic development levels

The Science of the Total Environment
Munir AhmadGul Jabeen

Abstract

This research examines the heterogeneous dynamic links among healthcare expenditures, land urbanization, and CO2 emissions across the development levels of China. To this end, data of 27 Chinese provinces are considered from 1999 to 2018. Theoretically, this research developed a healthcare expenditures-augmented Stochastic Impacts of Regression by Population, Affluence, and Technology (STIRPAT) model to incorporate healthcare expenditures as a determinant of affluence. Empirically, this research established a system of simultaneous equations based on the healthcare expenditures-augmented STIRPAT model to estimate the links among the variables. As a pre-analysis, second-generation Westerlund cointegration is applied and found the long-term equilibrium association among the variables. The long-run estimations and short-run causality are done by employing dynamic common correlated effects mean group method (DCCEMGM) and Dumitrescu-Hurlin causality. A heterogeneous long-run equilibrium linkage is confirmed to exist among the variables of interest. Concerning the long-run estimates, firstly, the healthcare expenditures growth and land urbanization exhibited a bilateral positive link. Secondly, CO2 emissions and healthcare expenditur...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Mar 16, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Malayaranjan SahooMuhammed Ashiq Villanthenkodath
Apr 4, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Ahmet Eren Yıldırım, Mustafa Ozan Yıldırım
Apr 12, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Zaid Ashiq KhanLiu Tianjun
Apr 15, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Faik BilgiliOguzhan Türker
May 1, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Muhammad IrfanChuxiao Yang
May 30, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Alshehri Abdulrahman Mohammed NSyed Ahsan Ali Shah
Jun 18, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Kalpana Regmi, Abdul Rehman
Jun 19, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Muhammad IrfanYu Hao
Jun 26, 2021·Inquiry : a Journal of Medical Care Organization, Provision and Financing·Li MeilingAlishba Hania
Jul 6, 2021·Frontiers in Public Health·Jin-Sheng ShenHan-Pu Shen
Jul 9, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Shunbin ZhongXiaohua Chen
Jul 28, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Baoling Jin, Ying Han
Aug 21, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Abdussalam Aljadani
Aug 25, 2021·Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice·Muhammad IrfanAbid Hussain
Oct 11, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Naseer AhmedMunazza Ahmed

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