Subcellular compartmentation of neuronal protein synthesis: new insights into the biology of the neuron

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Barry B KaplanAnthony E Gioio

Abstract

During the past few years, it has become well established that the distal structural/functional domains of the neuron contain numerous mRNAs. However, there is a paucity of information on the composition and function of these unique mRNA populations. In this article, we review recent evidence to support the hypothesis that protein synthesis occurs in multiple subcellular compartments in the neuron, to include the axon and presynaptic nerve terminal. The studies we describe use the squid giant axon and photoreceptor neuron as model invertebrate motor and sensory systems, respectively. Initial cell-free translation studies and molecular hybridization analysis established that the giant axon contained a heterogeneous population of polyadenylated mRNAs. The application of differential mRNA display methodology greatly facilitated the isolation and identification of 29 of these mRNAs, which encode cytoskeletal proteins, molecular motors, translation factors, various nuclear-encoded mitochondrial mRNAs, and several novel mRNA species. RT-PCR analysis of RNA from squid brain synaptosomes confirmed the presence of these mRNAs in the presynaptic nerve terminal. The presence of these mRNAs in polysomes purified from the synaptosomal fract...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Dec 15, 2006·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Jing BiLi-Na Wei
Apr 30, 2010·Animal Reproduction Science·Andrzej Przemysław Herman, Dorota Tomaszewska-Zaremba
Dec 17, 2009·Neuroscience·D T P LicoR E Larson
May 21, 2011·Reproduction in Domestic Animals = Zuchthygiene·A P HermanD Tomaszewska-Zaremba
Jan 20, 2012·Current Eye Research·Claudine L BitelPeter H Frederikse
Aug 18, 2009·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Francisca Diaz
Feb 22, 2018·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Jianmin ChenAmrita Ahluwalia
May 2, 2007·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Alison SextonAmrita Ahluwalia
Aug 26, 2020·Invertebrate Neuroscience : in·Gabriel S LopesDiego T P Lico
Apr 11, 2018·Journal of Proteome Research·Chih-Fan ChuangYen-Chung Chang

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