Subcontinental heat wave triggers terrestrial and marine, multi-taxa responses

Scientific Reports
Katinka X RuthrofGiles E St J Hardy

Abstract

Heat waves have profoundly impacted biota globally over the past decade, especially where their ecological impacts are rapid, diverse, and broad-scale. Although usually considered in isolation for either terrestrial or marine ecosystems, heat waves can straddle ecosystems of both types at subcontinental scales, potentially impacting larger areas and taxonomic breadth than previously envisioned. Using climatic and multi-species demographic data collected in Western Australia, we show that a massive heat wave event straddling terrestrial and maritime ecosystems triggered abrupt, synchronous, and multi-trophic ecological disruptions, including mortality, demographic shifts and altered species distributions. Tree die-off and coral bleaching occurred concurrently in response to the heat wave, and were accompanied by terrestrial plant mortality, seagrass and kelp loss, population crash of an endangered terrestrial bird species, plummeting breeding success in marine penguins, and outbreaks of terrestrial wood-boring insects. These multiple taxa and trophic-level impacts spanned >300,000 km2-comparable to the size of California-encompassing one terrestrial Global Biodiversity Hotspot and two marine World Heritage Areas. The subcontinen...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 10, 2019·Global Change Biology·Lewis L WaldenGiles E St J Hardy
Jan 28, 2020·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Filipe M FrançaJos Barlow
May 8, 2020·The Journal of Experimental Biology·Christine Elizabeth CooperSimon Charles Griffith
Feb 8, 2019·Nature·Nicholas R GolledgeTamsin L Edwards
Sep 26, 2020·Annual Review of Marine Science·Eric C J OliverAlex Sen Gupta
Jan 1, 2021·Behavioral Ecology : Official Journal of the International Society for Behavioral Ecology·Krzysztof MilerMarcin Czarnoleski
Feb 26, 2021·Global Change Biology·Dana M BergstromJustine D Shaw
Feb 13, 2021·Global Change Biology·Mayumi L ArimitsuVanessa R von Biela
Mar 18, 2021·The New Phytologist·David D BreshearsGiles E St J Hardy
May 7, 2021·Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society·Patricia A FlemingGiles E St J Hardy
May 22, 2021·Science·Jonathan T Overpeck, David D Breshears
Jun 27, 2021·Global Change Biology·Kirralee G Baker, Richard J Geider
Aug 24, 2021·Journal of Thermal Biology·Sonya K AuerJulia Solowey

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