Subtypes of developmental dyslexia in transparent orthographies: a comment on Lachmann and Van Leeuwen (2008)

Cognitive Neuropsychology
Donatella SpinelliPierluigi Zoccolotti

Abstract

Lachmann and Van Leeuwen (2008) proposed two diagnostic subtypes of developmental dyslexia in a language with transparent orthography (German). The classification was based on reading time, rather than reading errors, for lists of words and nonwords. The two subtypes were "frequent-word reading impaired" (FWRI) and "nonword reading impaired" (NWRI). Notably, FWRI were very slow in reading high-frequency words but as fast as controls in reading nonwords; ca. one-third of these children showed this "reversed lexicality effect" in a particularly marked fashion (i.e., read nonwords two to three times faster than high-frequency words). Since Italian is a highly transparent language, we applied this classification to 87 third- and sixth-grade dyslexics from various previously published studies. Some children showed a marked lexicality effect, while others showed small or no difference between word and nonword reading speed. However, regardless of stimulus length, grade and presence/absence of a previous language delay, no child showed a marked reversed lexicality effect; more generally, no child could be classified as FWRI. These findings indicate that the search for subtypes of developmental dyslexia in transparent orthographies sti...Continue Reading

References

May 1, 1993·Cognition·A Castles, M Coltheart
Jun 12, 2002·Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior·Donatella Spinelli-Pierluigi Zoccolotti
Jun 14, 2003·British Journal of Psychology·Philip H K SeymourJane M Erskine
Mar 9, 2005·Developmental Neuropsychology·Donatella SpinelliPierluigi Zoccolotti
Apr 5, 2005·International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology·Thomas LachmannErich Schröger
May 3, 2005·Brain and Language·Pierluigi ZoccolottiDonatella Spinelli
Jun 7, 2006·Child Neuropsychology : a Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence·Gloria Di FilippoPierluigi Zoccolotti
Sep 8, 2006·Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology : Official Journal of the Society for Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology·Daniela BrizzolaraPierluigi Zoccolotti
Jan 15, 2008·Experimental Brain Research·Pierluigi ZoccolottiDonatella Spinelli
Aug 2, 2008·Cognitive Neuropsychology·Thomas Lachmann, Cees van Leeuwen
Jun 6, 2009·Child Neuropsychology : a Journal on Normal and Abnormal Development in Childhood and Adolescence·Anna Maria ChilosiPierluigi Zoccolotti
Sep 18, 2009·Journal of Vision·Marialuisa MartelliPierluigi Zoccolotti

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Citations

Sep 24, 2013·PloS One·Matthew H SchnepsMarc Pomplun
Aug 14, 2013·PloS One·Matthew H SchnepsAmanda Heffner-Wong

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