Successful despite poor flight performance: range expansion is associated with enhanced exploratory behaviour and fast development

Journal of Evolutionary Biology
Elisabeth ReimKlaus Fischer

Abstract

Anthropogenic interference forces species to respond to changing environmental conditions. One possible response is dispersal and concomitant range shifts, allowing individuals to escape unfavourable conditions or to track the shifting climate niche. Range expansions depend on both dispersal capacity and the ability to establish populations beyond the former range. We here compare well-established core populations with recently established edge populations in the currently northward expanding butterfly Lycaena tityrus. Edge populations were characterized by shorter development times and smaller size, a higher sensitivity to high temperature and an enhanced exploratory behaviour. The differences between core and edge populations found suggest adaptation to local climates and an enhanced dispersal ability in edge populations. In particular, enhanced exploratory behaviour may be advantageous in all steps of the dispersal process and may have facilitated the current range expansion. This study describes differences associated with a current range expansion, knowledge which might be useful for a better understanding of species responses to environmental change. We further report on variation between males and females in morphology a...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 23, 2019·Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society·Camille Le RoyViolaine Llaurens
Jul 11, 2019·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·P-L JanS J Puechmaille
Jul 30, 2019·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Oded Berger-Tal, David Saltz
Jun 4, 2021·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Hiroyuki Yamada, Satoshi Wada

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