Successful treatment of aluminium phosphide poisoning by dihydroxyacetone: A two-case report study.

Journal of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics
Zohereh OghabianSomayyeh Karami-Mohajeri

Abstract

Aluminium phosphide (AlP) is an agricultural fumigant which produces phosphine gas in the presence of moisture. Phosphine inhibits oxidative phosphorylation and causes cell death by inhibiting cytochrome C oxidase. Clinical manifestations of AlP poisoning are refractory hypotension, tachycardia, low oxygen saturation and severe metabolic acidosis. Two cases received dihydroxyacetone (DHA) in addition to routine management of AlP poisoning. Administration of DHA (7 gr in 50 mL sodium bicarbonate, gavage) 2 times at a 1-hour interval improved the clinical signs. This is the first case report to highlight the safe and successful treatment of AlP poisoning with DHA. However, more clinical studies are recommended to determine the precise mechanism of DHA action.

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