Sudden coronary death in the young: Evidence of contractile phenotype of smooth muscle cells in the culprit atherosclerotic plaque

International Journal of Cardiology
Stefania RizzoM L Bochaton-Piallat

Abstract

Culprit coronary atherosclerotic plaques (APs) from young sudden cardiac death (SCD) victims are mostly non-atheromatous, i.e., consisting of proliferative smooth muscle cells (SMCs). Coronary vasospasm has been advocated to explain plaque instability in the absence of thrombosis. Our aim was to characterize the SMC phenotype in the intima and media of coronary arteries from young SCD victims. A total of 38 coronary artery segments were studied: (a) 18 APs from young (≤40 years old) SCD patients, (b) 9 APs from old (>40 years old) SCD patients, (c) 11 non-atherosclerotic coronary arteries from young patients (≤40 years old). Markers of differentiated SMCs such as α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), smooth muscle myosin heavy chains (SMMHCs), and heavy-caldesmon (h-CaD), were assessed in intima and media by immunohistochemistry and quantified morphometrically. In the intima, their expression was higher in non-atherosclerotic arteries (44.37 ± 3.03% for α-SMA, 14.21 ± 2.01% for SMMHCs, 8.90 ± 1.33% for h-CaD) and APs from young SCD victims (38.95 ± 2.29% for α-SMA, 11.92 ± 1.92% for SMMHCs, 8.93 ± 1.12% for h-CaD) compared with old patients (22.01 ± 3.56% for α-SMA, 6.39 ± 0.7% for SMMHCs, 3.00 ± 0.57% for h-CaD; all P statistically s...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 16, 2019·Virchows Archiv : an International Journal of Pathology·Katarzyna MichaudUNKNOWN Association for European Cardiovascular Pathology (AECVP)
Jun 12, 2020·European Heart Journal Supplements : Journal of the European Society of Cardiology·Cristina BassoGaetano Thiene
Nov 30, 2019·Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases·C Barazzone-ArgiroffoI Ruchonnet-Métrailler
Nov 17, 2020·Journal of the American Heart Association·Laura E BruijnJan H N Lindeman
Jan 21, 2021·The New England Journal of Medicine·Rocco Vergallo, Filippo Crea
Nov 3, 2020·Cardiovascular Research·Antonija SakicMarie-Luce Bochaton-Piallat
Apr 14, 2021·International Journal of Legal Medicine·Katarzyna MichaudSilke Grabherr

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