Sudden infant death syndrome and the genetics of inflammation

Frontiers in Immunology
Linda Ferrante, Siri Hauge Opdal

Abstract

Several studies report signs of slight infection prior to death in cases of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Based on this, a hypothesis of an altered immunological homeostasis has been postulated. The cytokines are important cellular mediators that are crucial for infant health by regulating cell activity during the inflammatory process. The pro-inflammatory cytokines favor inflammation; the most important of these are IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-12, IL-18, TNF-α, and IFN-γ. These cytokines are controlled by the anti-inflammatory cytokines. This is accomplished by reducing the pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and thus counteracts their biological effect. The major anti-inflammatory cytokines are interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), IL-4, IL-10, IL-11, and IL-13. The last decade there has been focused on genetic studies within genes that are important for the immune system, for SIDS with a special interest of the genes encoding the cytokines. This is because the cytokine genes are considered to be the genes most likely to explain the vulnerability to infection, and several studies have investigated these genes in an attempt to uncover associations between SIDS and different genetic variants. So far, the genes e...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 9, 2019·International Journal of Legal Medicine·Angelina HafkeMichael Klintschar
Jun 18, 2019·The American Journal of Forensic Medicine and Pathology·Motoki OsawaFumiko Satoh
Nov 15, 2016·Frontiers in Neurology·Eran Elhaik
Jul 5, 2019·Child's Nervous System : ChNS : Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery·Esther JackTerri L Haddix

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