PMID: 9194521May 1, 1997Paper

Sulfation and sulfotransferases 5: the importance of 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) in the regulation of sulfation

FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
C D Klaassen, J W Boles

Abstract

Sulfation is the transfer of a sulfate group from 3'-phosphoadenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (PAPS) to a substrate that is catalyzed by a family of sulfotransferase enzymes. Many different endogenous and xenobiotic molecules are substrates for the sulfotransferases; sulfation affects many different physiological processes, including: 1) deactivation and bioactivation of xenobiotics, 2) inactivation of hormones and catecholamines, 3) structure and function of macromolecules, and 4) elimination of end products of catabolism. PAPS is the obligate cosubstrate that is synthesized in tissues to make available an "activated form" of sulfate for the sulfation reaction. PAPS participation in the reaction is dependent on its availability, which in turn is dependent on its synthesis, degradation, and ultimately its utilization in the sulfation reaction itself. PAPS synthesis is dependent on the availability of sulfate and on the activity of the two enzymes of its synthesis, ATP-sulfurylase and APS-kinase. Although the kinetic properties of these two enzymes are well described, their in vivo regulation is not fully understood. Sulfation is a high-affinity, low-capacity enzymatic process in which the entire liver content of PAPS can be consumed ...Continue Reading

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