PMID: 8955508Nov 1, 1996Paper

Summary of the International Consensus Symposium on Advances in the Diagnosis, Treatment and Prophylaxis and Cytomegalovirus Infection

Antiviral Research
J T van der MeerR J Whitley

Abstract

CMV infection and CMV disease can be difficult to differentiate and the diagnosis is usually based on a compatible clinical picture and the results of a diagnostic test for CMV. The only exception to this rule is in HIV-infected patients where fundoscopy is sufficient to diagnose CMV retinitis. Of the current diagnostic tests, qualitative and quantitative PCR, branched DNA and Hybrid Capture, are the most promising. The pp65 antigenemia assay has the disadvantage of being more labor-intensive than the DNA based tests. Preliminary data show that a positive qualitative PCR in a HIV-infected patient has a predictive value for the development of CMV retinitis. However, of the patients positive by qualitative PCR, those with high viral loads in quantitative PCR were at the greatest risk of CMV disease. This might make it possible to identify with great certainty the patients who will go on to develop CMV retinitis, thereby decreasing the number of patients eligible for preemptive or prophylactic therapy and increasing the cost-benefit of this therapeutic measure. Quantitative test might also be useful in monitoring response to therapy, but randomized trials comparing the test are needed. Prophylactic antiviral agents should not be u...Continue Reading

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