Suppression of Fusarium Wilt of Watermelon by Soil Amendment with Hairy Vetch

Plant Disease
X G Zhou, Kathryne L Everts

Abstract

Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) as a soil amendment was evaluated for suppression of Fusarium wilt of watermelon and soil populations of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. niveum in greenhouse, microplot, and field studies. When mixed at 1 or 5% (wt/wt) in a loamy sand soil that was artificially or naturally infested with race 2 of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum, pulverized dry hairy vetch, crab shell, and urea provided the best suppression (53 to 87% reduction) of Fusarium wilt on watermelon seedlings among 13 plant and animal residues screened. Soil amended with hairy vetch at 0.25 or 0.5% (wt/wt) in microplots resulted in 54 to 69% decreased wilt incidence and 100 to 220% increase of watermelon plant biomass. Hairy vetch winter cover crop incorporated into field plots under black plastic provided 42 to 48% reduction of wilt incidence, 64 to 100% increase of plant biomass, and a 34 to 68% increase in weight of fruit, comparable to improvements achieved by the soil fumigants methyl bromide or 1,3-dichloropropene plus 35% chloropicrin. Soil amendment with hairy vetch also increased the sugar content of watermelon fruit 10 to 15%. Significant reductions in the populations of F. oxysporum f. sp. niveum were not observed in hairy vetch-amende...Continue Reading

Citations

Jun 12, 2018·Frontiers in Plant Science·Huifang LvZhilong Bie
Jan 6, 2016·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Neiunna L Reed-JonesShirley A Micallef

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