PMID: 9547358May 9, 1998Paper

Suppression of interleukin-2 by the putative endogenous cannabinoid 2-arachidonyl-glycerol is mediated through down-regulation of the nuclear factor of activated T cells

Molecular Pharmacology
Y OuyangN E Kaminski

Abstract

2-Arachidonyl-glycerol (2-Ara-Gl) recently was identified as a putative endogenous ligand for cannabinoid receptor types CB1 and CB2 by competitive binding. More recent immune function assays demonstrated that 2-Ara-Gl possessed immunomodulatory activity. Because several plant-derived cannabinoids inhibit interleukin-2 (IL-2) expression, 2-Ara-Gl was investigated for its ability to modulate this cytokine. The direct addition of 2-Ara-Gl to mouse splenocyte cultures suppressed phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate plus ionomycin-induced IL-2 secretion and steady state mRNA expression in a dose-dependent manner. 2-Ara-Gl also produced a marked inhibition of IL-2 promotor activity as determined by transient transfection of EL4.IL-2 cells with a pIL-2-CAT construct. 2-Ara-Gl at 5, 10, 20, and 50 microM suppressed phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate plus ionomycin-induced IL-2 promotor activity by 18%, 28%, 39%, and 54%, respectively. To further characterize the mechanism for the transcriptional regulation of IL-2 by 2-Ara-Gl, the DNA-binding activity of transcription factors, nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF-AT), nuclear factor for immunoglobulin kappa chain in B cells (NF-kappa B/Rel), activator protein-1(AP-1), octamer, and cAMP-res...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1992·Life Sciences·R L Dorris, L Lotzof
Oct 1, 1991·Immunology Today·R P PhippsR L Roper
Apr 1, 1990·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·G GillilandH F Bunn
Mar 1, 1988·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·J W PierceD Baltimore
Jun 1, 1995·Current Opinion in Immunology·J JainA Rao
Oct 4, 1995·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·T SugiuraK Waku
Jan 1, 1995·Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology·A C Howlett
Apr 11, 1995·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·L FacciA Leon
Jan 1, 1994·Annual Review of Biochemistry·G R Crabtree, N A Clipstone
Jan 1, 1994·Annual Review of Immunology·P A Baeuerle, T Henkel
Aug 15, 1993·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·C C FelderW A Devane
Jan 1, 1993·Molecular and Cellular Biology·D Chen, E V Rothenberg

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Dec 5, 2006·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Saori OkaTakayuki Sugiura
Jan 9, 2013·Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT·Panagiotis ZogopoulosStamatios Theocharis
Jun 10, 2014·International Reviews of Immunology·Jessica Margaret SidoMitzi Nagarkatti
Sep 8, 2017·Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism·Pegah PoursharifiMarc Prentki
Jan 25, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Rachel KellyEilís Dowd
Aug 8, 2020·ChemMedChem·Samuele Maramai, Margherita Brindisi
Jun 8, 2001·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·M MaccarroneA Finazzi-Agrò
Jul 31, 2004·The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics·Cheryl E Rockwell, Norbert E Kaminski
Feb 25, 2005·Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism : Official Journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism·David PanikashviliEsther Shohami
Jan 15, 2015·Immunology·Valerio ChiurchiùMauro Maccarrone
Aug 8, 2015·Periodontology 2000·Joerg Meyle, Iain Chapple
Aug 10, 2000·European Journal of Biochemistry·M SalzetV Di Marzo
Oct 20, 2001·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·E V BerdyshevH H Schmid
Oct 26, 2005·Journal of Leukocyte Biology·Gautham K Rao, Norbert E Kaminski
Feb 1, 2011·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·François ChouinardNicolas Flamand
Oct 30, 2007·British Journal of Pharmacology·N E Buckley
Jun 16, 2009·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Johannes TschöpCharles C Caldwell
Jun 20, 2013·Mediators of Inflammation·Huan GuiXia Liu
Aug 8, 2015·Periodontology 2000·José R Gonzales
Feb 7, 2004·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·Rocío SanchoEduardo Muñoz
Aug 12, 2009·Experimental Dermatology·Piotr KupczykJacek C Szepietowski
Oct 28, 2009·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Christine BörnerJürgen Kraus
Feb 22, 2008·Neuroimmunomodulation·Christine BörnerJürgen Kraus
Nov 7, 2017·Metabolites·J Daniel Lafreniere, Christian Lehmann
May 18, 2000·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·T SugiuraY Ishima
Dec 7, 2000·Chemistry and Physics of Lipids·T Sugiura, K Waku

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Ataxia telangiectasia (MDS)

Ataxia telangiectasia is a rare neurodegenerative diseases caused by defects in the ATM gene, which is involved in DNA damage recognition and repair pathways. Here is the latest research on this autosomal recessive disease.

B cells: Gene Expression

B lymphocytes are white blood cells that play a role in the adaptive immune system by secreting antibodies. Here is the latest research on gene expression in B cells.