Suppression of Proinflammatory Cytokines and Mediators in LPS-Induced RAW 264.7 Macrophages by Stem Extract of Alternanthera sessilis via the Inhibition of the NF-κ B Pathway

Journal of Immunology Research
Katyakyini MuniandyPalanisamy Arulselvan

Abstract

Alternanthera sessilis, an edible succulent herb, has been widely used as herbal drug in many regions around the globe. Inflammation is a natural process of the innate immune system, accompanied with the increase in the level of proinflammatory mediators, for example, nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin (PGE2); cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα); and enzymes including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) via the activation and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) subunit p65 due to the phosphorylation of inhibitory protein, IκBα. Inflammation over a short period of time is essential for its therapeutic effect. However, prolonged inflammation can be detrimental as it is related to many chronic diseases such as delayed wound healing, cardiovascular disease, arthritis, and autoimmune disorders. Therefore, ways to curb chronic inflammation have been extensively investigated. In line with that, in this present study, we attempted to study the suppression activity of the proinflammatory cytokines and mediators as a characteristic of anti-inflammatory action, by using stem extrac...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1989·Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association·K A Kirby
Mar 3, 1998·Neurochemical Research·J A MartineyC F Brosnan
Jun 6, 2000·Phytomedicine : International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology·K GamanielC Wambebe
Jul 18, 2002·Phytomedicine : International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology·K SzkudelskaL Nogowski
Sep 25, 2002·Microbes and Infection·Clett ErridgeIan R Poxton
Mar 9, 2010·Journal of Neuroinflammation·Kumiko TanabeOsamu Kozawa
Apr 24, 2013·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Sandrina A HelenoMaria João R P Queiroz
Jul 16, 2013·Mediators of Inflammation·Wibke SchulteRichard Bucala
Nov 28, 2013·BioMed Research International·El-Sayed S Abdel-HameedMahmood S Salman
May 24, 2014·Phytomedicine : International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology·Giuseppina NegriFúlvio Rieli Mendes
Jun 6, 2015·Inflammation·Diana Figuereido de Santana AquinoCandida Aparecida Leite Kassuya
Oct 16, 2015·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Jianbo XiaoAnca Miron
May 5, 2016·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Sam ShinKyung-Chul Choi
Nov 3, 2016·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Palanisamy ArulselvanS Suresh Kumar
Nov 4, 2016·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Palanisamy ArulselvanS Suresh Kumar
Jul 2, 2017·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Yi SongYan Qu
Apr 20, 2018·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·Katyakyini MuniandyPalanisamy Arulselvan

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Oct 15, 2018·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Entesar Ali SaberRanda Ahmed Ibrahim
Jun 22, 2020·Clinical and Translational Medicine·Gaoying WangFei Mao
Sep 11, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Seung-Hwa BaekDaeui Park
Apr 10, 2020·Current Pharmaceutical Design·Tarique HussainDildar H Kalhoro
Oct 9, 2020·BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies·Tae-Young GilHyo-Jin An
Mar 25, 2021·Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine·Su-Hyeon ChoKil-Nam Kim
Jul 2, 2021·Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : ECAM·H M Arif UllahMan Hee Rhee
Jul 25, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Pimpichaya SangchartPloenthip Puthongking

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
ELISA
scraping
protein assay
electrophoresis
Nuclear Translocation

Software Mentioned

SPSS

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Cardiovascular Inflammation

Inflammation plays a significant role in the development of cardiovascular diseases, an understanding of these endogenous processes is critical for evaluating the risks and potential treatment strategies. Discover the latest research on cardiovascular inflammation here.

CREs: Gene & Cell Therapy

Gene and cell therapy advances have shown promising outcomes for several diseases. The role of cis-regulatory elements (CREs) is crucial in the design of gene therapy vectors. Here is the latest research on CREs in gene and cell therapy.

Autoimmune Diseases

Autoimmune diseases occur as a result of an attack by the immune system on the body’s own tissues resulting in damage and dysfunction. There are different types of autoimmune diseases, in which there is a complex and unknown interaction between genetics and the environment. Discover the latest research on autoimmune diseases here.

Anti-inflammatory Treatments

A drug or substance that reduces inflammation (redness, swelling, and pain) in the body. Anti-inflammatory agents block certain substances in the body that cause inflammation and swelling. Discover the latest research on anti-inflammatory treatments here