Suprachiasmatic Nucleus Neuropeptides and Their Control of Endogenous Glucose Production

Journal of Neuroendocrinology
Ewout FoppenAndries Kalsbeek

Abstract

Defective control of endogenous glucose production is an important factor responsible for hyperglycaemia in the diabetic individual. During the past decade, progressively more evidence has appeared indicating a strong and potentially causal relationship between disturbances of the circadian system and defects of metabolic regulation, including glucose metabolism. The detrimental effects of disturbed circadian rhythms may have their origin in disturbances of the molecular clock mechanisms in peripheral organs, such as the pancreas and liver, or in the central brain clock in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN). To assess the role of SCN output per se on glucose metabolism, we investigated (i) the effect of several SCN neurotransmitters on endogenous glucose production and (ii) the effect of SCN neuronal activity on hepatic and systemic insulin sensitivity. We show that silencing of SCN neuronal activity results in decreased hepatic insulin sensitivity and increased peripheral insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, both oxytocin neurones in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) and orexin neurones in the lateral hypothalamus may be important targets for the SCN control of glucose metabolism. These data further...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 25, 2016·Diabetes·Johanna KlementManfred Hallschmid
Feb 23, 2021·Journal of Neuroendocrinology·Alisa BoucseinAlexander Tups
Mar 9, 2021·Nutrition in Clinical Practice : Official Publication of the American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition·Nameer Al-YousifFaraaz Ali Shah
May 8, 2021·Journal of Neuroendocrinology·Fernando Cázarez-MárquezAndries Kalsbeek
Dec 4, 2021·Science Advances·Sarah L ChellappaFrank A J L Scheer

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