Surfactant control of gas transport and reactions at the surface of sulfuric acid

Accounts of Chemical Research
Seong-Chan ParkGilbert M Nathanson

Abstract

Aerosol particles in the atmosphere are tiny chemical reactors that catalyze numerous reactions, including the conversion of benign gases into ozone-destroying ones. In the lower stratosphere, these particles are often supercooled mixtures of water and sulfuric acid. The different species present at the surface of these droplets (H(2)O, H(3)O(+), HSO(4)(-), H(2)SO(4), and SO(4)(2-)) stand at the "gas-liquid frontier"; as the first to be struck by impinging molecules, these species provide the initial environment for solvation and reaction. Furthermore, aerosol particles may contain a wide range of organic molecules, some of which migrate to the surface and coat the droplet. How do ambient gases dissolve in the droplet if it is coated with an organic layer? At one extreme, monolayer films of insoluble, long-chain alcohols can dramatically reduce gas transport, packing so tightly at the surface of water that they impede water evaporation by factors of 10,000 or more. Shorter chain surfactants are expected to pack less tightly, but we wondered whether these incomplete monolayers also block gas transport and whether this system could serve as a model for understanding the surfaces of atmospheric aerosol particles. To address these ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 18, 2012·The Journal of Chemical Physics·Suguru Sakaguchi, Akihiro Morita
Mar 13, 2012·Annual Review of Physical Chemistry·Charles E Kolb, Douglas R Worsnop
Sep 1, 2015·The Journal of Physical Chemistry. a·Michael A ShaloskiGilbert M Nathanson
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