Surgery for intrathoracic tracheoesophageal and bronchoesophageal fistula

Annals of Translational Medicine
Benoit Jacques BibasPaulo Manoel Pêgo-Fernandes

Abstract

Benign tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) results from an abnormal communication between the posterior wall of the trachea or bronchi and the adjacent anterior wall of the esophagus. It can be acquired or congenital. The onset of the TEF has a negative impact on the patient's health status and quality of life because of swallowing difficulties, recurrent aspiration pneumonia, and severe weight loss. Several acquired conditions may cause TEF. The most frequent is prolonged orotracheal intubation (75% of the cases). Usually, there is an erosion of the tracheal and esophageal wall by the continuous pressure between the endotracheal tube and the esophageal wall; particularly in the presence of a nasogastric or feeding tube within the esophageal lumen. Furthermore, tracheal stenosis is often associated, and adds complexity to the disease. Preparation for the surgical procedure may take weeks or even months. It includes definitive weaning from mechanical ventilation, treatment of respiratory infection, physiotherapy, and correction of malnutrition through enteral feeding. Surgical repair of a TEF is an elective procedure. It consists of division of the fistula, suture of the esophagus and trachea and protection of the suture lines with ...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 30, 2020·Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·Malke AsaadSteven L Moran
Apr 12, 2019·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Anthony B MozerAnkit Bharat
Jan 14, 2020·Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery·Malke AsaadSteven L Moran
Nov 20, 2020·JAMA Otolaryngology-- Head & Neck Surgery·Giacomo FiacchiniLuca Bruschini
Jun 20, 2021·International Journal of Surgery Case Reports·Bassam DarwishAmeer Kakaje
Aug 22, 2021·BMJ Case Reports·Patricia Maria Gregoria Mina CuañoRalph Elvi Villalobos

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