Surprise responses in the human brain demonstrate statistical learning under high concurrent cognitive demand

NPJ Science of Learning
Marta I GarridoJason B Mattingley

Abstract

The ability to learn about regularities in the environment and to make predictions about future events is fundamental for adaptive behaviour. We have previously shown that people can implicitly encode statistical regularities and detect violations therein, as reflected in neuronal responses to unpredictable events that carry a unique prediction error signature. In the real world, however, learning about regularities will often occur in the context of competing cognitive demands. Here we asked whether learning of statistical regularities is modulated by concurrent cognitive load. We compared electroencephalographic metrics associated with responses to pure-tone sounds with frequencies sampled from narrow or wide Gaussian distributions. We showed that outliers evoked a larger response than those in the centre of the stimulus distribution (i.e., an effect of surprise) and that this difference was greater for physically identical outliers in the narrow than in the broad distribution. These results demonstrate an early neurophysiological marker of the brain's ability to implicitly encode complex statistical structure in the environment. Moreover, we manipulated concurrent cognitive load by having participants perform a visual workin...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 10, 2020·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Kevin S WalshRedmond G O'Connell
Jun 3, 2020·PLoS Computational Biology·Florent Meyniel
May 16, 2020·Scientific Reports·Maja D FoldalTor Endestad
Jan 7, 2020·Neuroinformatics·Jeremy A Taylor, Marta I Garrido
Feb 25, 2019·Hearing Research·Jennifer K Schiavo, Robert C Froemke
Mar 26, 2021·Scientific Reports·Betina KorkaAndreas Widmann
May 5, 2021·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·Pietro SarassoIrene Ronga

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Software Mentioned

MarsBaR
Cogent
Statistical Parametric Mapping ( SPM8 )
MATLAB
SPM

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