Abstract
We surveyed healthy captive cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) for Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. Cloacal swabs were collected from 94 cockatiels kept in commercial breeders, private residencies and pet shops in the cities of São Paulo/SP and Niterói/RJ (Brazil). Three strains of E. coli from each individual were tested for the presence of ExPEC-, APEC- and DEC-related genes. We evaluated the blaTEM, blaSHV, blaOXA, blaCMY, blaCTX-M, tetA, tetB, aadA, aphA, strAB, sul1, sul2, sul3, qnrA, qnrD, qnrB, qnrS, oqxAB, aac (6)'-Ib-cr, qepA resistance genes and markers for plasmid incompatibility groups. Salmonella spp. was not detected. E. coli was isolated in 10% of the animals (9/94). Four APEC genes (ironN, ompT, iss and hlyF) were detected in two strains (2/27-7%), and iss (1/27-4%) in one isolate. The highest resistance rates were observed with amoxicillin (22/27-82%), ampicillin (21/27-79%), streptomycin (18/27-67%), tetracycline (11/27-41%). Multiresistance was verified in 59% (16/27) of the isolates. We detected strAB, blaTEM, tetA, tetB, aadA, aphaA, sul1, sul2, sul3 resistance genes and plasmid Inc groups in 20 (74%) of the strains. E. coli isolated from these cockatiels are of epidemiological importance, since these p...Continue Reading
References
May 1, 1992·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·C Le BouguenecA Labigne
Feb 1, 1992·Molecular Microbiology·J Yu, J B Kaper
Dec 1, 1989·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·M M VenkatesanD J Kopecko
May 1, 1995·Molecular Biology of the Cell·A YamamotoD Koshland
Apr 1, 1996·Infection and Immunity·T Yamamoto, P Echeverria
Oct 9, 1998·Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease·M YavzoriD Cohen
Dec 23, 1999·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·J R Johnson, A L Stell
Jun 24, 2000·Veterinary Microbiology·L MadsenJ E Olsen
Oct 7, 2000·Journal of Medical Microbiology·L GuardabassiA Dalsgaard
Apr 26, 2001·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·P L WinokurN Legakis
Aug 31, 2002·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·Waldir P EliasTânia A T Gomes
Feb 27, 2003·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Vincent Perreten, Patrick Boerlin
Jun 7, 2003·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·Claudia TomaMasaaki Iwanaga
Oct 31, 2003·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·Malin GrapeGöran Kronvall
Apr 7, 2004·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Andrew BryanMichael J Sadowsky
Sep 25, 2004·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Yolanda SáenzCarmen Torres
Dec 8, 2004·Journal of Clinical Microbiology·Christine MaynardJosée Harel
Jun 9, 2005·Microbiology·Kylie E Rodriguez-SiekLisa K Nolan
Jun 15, 2007·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·Vincent CattoirPatrice Nordmann
Jun 30, 2007·Foodborne Pathogens and Disease·James L SmithNereus W Gunther
Feb 19, 2008·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Timothy J JohnsonLisa K Nolan
Feb 21, 2008·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Kunikazu YamaneYoshichika Arakawa
Jul 16, 2008·Avian Pathology : Journal of the W.V.P.A·Francis Dziva, Mark P Stevens
Sep 30, 2008·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Timothy J JohnsonLisa K Nolan
Nov 26, 2008·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·L M CavacoF M Aarestrup
Feb 24, 2009·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Anette M Hammerum, Ole E Heuer
Jun 13, 2009·Methods in Molecular Biology·Timothy J Johnson, Lisa K Nolan
Jan 15, 2010·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·Caroline DallenneGuillaume Arlet
Mar 2, 2010·Nature Reviews. Microbiology·Heather K AllenJo Handelsman
Mar 3, 2010·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·S M Lutful Kabir
Apr 23, 2010·Avian Diseases·Guilherme Augusto Marietto-GonçalvesRaphael Lucio Andreatti Filho
Jun 3, 2010·Infection and Immunity·Kelly A TivendaleLisa K Nolan
Sep 17, 2010·International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents·D W WarehamN C Gordon
Mar 3, 2011·FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology·Louise BélangerCharles M Dozois
Mar 19, 2013·International Journal of Medical Microbiology : IJMM·Alessandra Carattoli
Mar 20, 2013·Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine : Official Publication of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians·Hilari Wanderley HidasiMaria Auxiliadora Andrade
Feb 6, 2016·PloS One·Juliana Yuri SaviolliVania Maria de Carvalho
Feb 9, 2016·Veterinary Microbiology·R M Gioia-Di ChiacchioT Knöbl
Jun 18, 2017·Brazilian Journal of Microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology]·Lilian Aparecida SanchesTerezinha Knobl