Survival and transfer of murine norovirus 1, a surrogate for human noroviruses, during the production process of deep-frozen onions and spinach

Journal of Food Protection
L BaertJohan Debevere

Abstract

The reduction of murine norovirus 1 (MNV-1) on onions and spinach by washing was investigated as was the risk of contamination during the washing procedure. To decontaminate wash water, the industrial sanitizer peracetic acid (PAA) was added to the water, and the survival of MNV-1 was determined. In contrast to onions, spinach undergoes a heat treatment before freezing. Therefore, the resistance of MNV-1 to blanching of spinach was examined. MNV-1 genomic copies were detected with a real-time reverse transcription PCR assay in PAA-treated water and blanched spinach, and PFUs (representing infectious MNV-1 units) were determined with a plaque assay. A < or = 1-log reduction in MNV-1 PFUs was achieved by washing onion bulbs and spinach leaves. More than 3 log PFU of MNV-1 was transmitted to onion bulbs and spinach leaves when these vegetables were washed in water containing approximately 5 log PFU/ml. No decline of MNV-1 occurred in used industrial spinach wash water after 6 days at room temperature. A concentration of 20 ppm of PAA in demineralized water (pH 4.13) and in potable water (pH 7.70) resulted in reductions of 2.88 +/- 0.25 and 2.41 +/- 0.18 log PFU, respectively, after 5 min of exposure, but no decrease in number of g...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 8, 2010·Journal of Food Protection·Jie WeiKalmia E Kniel
Mar 3, 2012·Journal of Applied Microbiology·I BertrandC Gantzer
May 3, 2013·Environmental Health Perspectives·Carol Potera
Jul 30, 2015·Journal of Food Protection·Hayriye BozkurtP Michael Davidson
May 24, 2015·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Malak A EsseiliQiuhong Wang
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Apr 28, 2009·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·S ButotG Sánchez
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Jul 13, 2017·Journal of Food Protection·Ye Won KimSung-Joon Lee
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Dec 17, 2009·Journal of Food Protection·Xiaowei SuDoris H D'Souza
Feb 5, 2014·Journal of Food Protection·Hayriye BozkurtP Michael Davidson
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May 31, 2016·International Journal of Food Microbiology·Erin DiCaprioJianrong Li
Jul 6, 2021·Journal of Food Processing and Preservation·Reza FarahmandfarBakhtiyar Hesami
Oct 22, 2011·International Journal of Food Microbiology·L BaertM Uyttendaele

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