PMID: 11324826Dec 1, 1996Paper

Susceptibility of human cytomegalovirus to two-drug combinations in vitro

Antiviral Therapy
D J ManionM S Hirsch

Abstract

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality for immunocompromised hosts. We sought to determine the in vitro susceptibility of HCMV reference laboratory strains, clinical isolates and strains with known resistance to currently available anticytomegaloviral drugs to two-drug combinations of the following compounds: ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir and its cyclic congener, cyclic HPMPC (cHPMPC), and lobucavir. Cytotoxicity was determined by Trypan Blue exclusion of cells exposed both when proliferating (non-confluent) and once confluent. Antiviral effect was determined by a plaque-reduction assay in MRC-5 human embryonic lung cells. Drug interactions were determined by median-dose effect analysis with the combination index calculated at 50, 75, 90 and 95% inhibitory concentrations. No drug, either alone or in combination, reached a 50% cytotoxicity concentration in the dose ranges tested. Overall, 252/280 (90.0%) of the two-drug combinations demonstrated additive or synergistic interactive effects towards the panel of HCMV isolates tested. No combination demonstrated antagonism at all inhibitory concentrations to more than one isolate. Interestingly, the clinical isolate tested demonstrated the highe...Continue Reading

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