Sustained cooperation by running away from bad behavior

Evolution and Human Behavior : Official Journal of the Human Behavior and Evolution Society
Charles EffersonDirk Helbing

Abstract

For cooperation to evolve, some mechanism must limit the rate at which cooperators are exposed to defectors. Only then can the advantages of mutual cooperation outweigh the costs of being exploited. Although researchers widely agree on this, they disagree intensely about which evolutionary mechanisms can explain the extraordinary cooperation exhibited by humans. Much of the controversy follows from disagreements about the informational regularity that allows cooperators to avoid defectors. Reliable information can allow cooperative individuals to avoid exploitation, but which mechanisms can sustain such a situation is a matter of considerable dispute. We conducted a behavioral experiment to see if cooperators could avoid defectors when provided with limited amounts of explicit information. We gave each participant the simple option to move away from her current neighborhood at any time. Participants were not identifiable as individuals, and they could not track each other's tendency to behave more or less cooperatively. More broadly, a participant had no information about the behavior she was likely to encounter if she moved, and so information about the risk of exploitation was extremely limited. Nonetheless, our results show ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 17, 2018·Psychological Science·Jörg GrossShaul Shalvi
Jul 13, 2019·Journal of Evolutionary Biology·Félix GeoffroyJean-Baptiste André
Sep 3, 2020·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Alexander EhlertHeiko Rauhut
Dec 6, 2020·Scientific Reports·Andrew T GlosterAndrea H Meyer

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