Switching from a unicellular to multicellular organization in an Aspergillus niger hypha

MBio
R BleichrodtMarcel J T Reinders

Abstract

Pores in fungal septa enable cytoplasmic streaming between hyphae and their compartments. Consequently, the mycelium can be considered unicellular. However, we show here that Woronin bodies close ~50% of the three most apical septa of growing hyphae of Aspergillus niger. The incidence of closure of the 9th and 10th septa was even ≥94%. Intercompartmental streaming of photoactivatable green fluorescent protein (PA-GFP) was not observed when the septa were closed, but open septa acted as a barrier, reducing the mobility rate of PA-GFP ~500 times. This mobility rate decreased with increasing septal age and under stress conditions, likely reflecting a regulatory mechanism affecting septal pore diameter. Modeling revealed that such regulation offers effective control of compound concentration between compartments. Modeling also showed that the incidence of septal closure in A. niger had an even stronger impact on cytoplasmic continuity. Cytoplasm of hyphal compartments was shown not to be in physical contact when separated by more than 4 septa. Together, data show that apical compartments of growing hyphae behave unicellularly, while older compartments have a multicellular organization. The hyphae of higher fungi are compartmentaliz...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 1, 2015·Current Opinion in Microbiology·Marcus RoperAmy S Gladfelter
Jul 28, 2015·Fungal Genetics and Biology : FG & B·Robert-Jan BleichrodtHan A B Wösten
Feb 7, 2019·Molecular Biology of the Cell·Cassandre KinnaerSophie G Martin
Jan 11, 2020·Antonie van Leeuwenhoek·Martin TegelaarHan A B Wösten
Nov 19, 2019·Environmental Microbiology·Martin TegelaarHan A B Wösten
Jan 4, 2020·The ISME Journal·Michiel Op De BeeckAnders Tunlid
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Feb 8, 2019·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Rémi PeyraudSylvain Raffaele
Apr 22, 2017·Microbiology Spectrum·Gero SteinbergSteven D Harris

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
Fluorescence
electron microscopy

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