PMID: 8597437Dec 29, 1995Paper

Sympathoadrenal activity and psychosocial stress. The significance of aging, long-term smoking, and stress models

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
N J Christensen, E W Jensen

Abstract

Recent studies have indicated that the increase in plasma norepinephrine and sympathetic activity with aging in healthy subjects is largely due to long-term cigarette smoking. In patients who have or have had duodenal ulcer the increase in plasma norepinephrine with age was markedly increased. These patients as a group perceive their lives somewhat more stressful than the general population and they tend to die prematurely due to smoking-associated diseases. These patients may select dysfunctional coping strategies like smoking, which may result in organ pathologies and a compensatory increase in plasma norepinephrine. No close correlation has been established between plasma epinephrine and "ill health." High plasma epinephrine levels may have a deleterious effect on the cardiovascular system in elderly subjects during certain conditions. In a population study, we found, however, that low resting plasma epinephrine levels were associated with an unfavorable survival rate. We speculate that an inadequate response to psychosocial stress and the choice of dysfunctional coping strategies may be more harmful and cause more "ill health" than hypersecretion of stress hormones like epinephrine and cortisol, which has been the tradition...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Apr 7, 2007·Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine·V V UdutE V Borodulina
Dec 11, 2003·Annals of Epidemiology·Noreen GoldmanMing-Cheng Chang
Sep 18, 1998·BMJ : British Medical Journal·S Sokejima, S Kagamimori
Oct 17, 2001·Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine : CCLM·A M HansenB Netterstrøm
May 4, 2007·Periodontology 2000·Lakshmi Boyapati, Hom-Lay Wang
Apr 1, 2012·Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology·Jaap G GoekoopVictor M Wiegant
Apr 12, 2016·Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging·Maria GefkePeter Norsk
May 21, 2014·Dental Update·Rajkumar Parwani, Simran R Parwani

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