Sympathomimetic Toxidromes and Other Pharmacological Causes of Acute Hypertension

Current Hypertension Reports
Andrew KingLuke Bisoski

Abstract

Acute drug-induced hypertension, sympathomimetic toxicity, and other hyperadrenergic states can be caused by both xenobiotic toxicity and withdrawal. This manuscript is a selective review of the recent literature regarding pharmacologic causes of hypertensive emergencies and other hyperadrenergic states. We will discuss designer stimulants, alpha2 and baclofen agonist withdrawal, and the clinical entity known as posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES). Additionally, we examine the controversial "unopposed alpha" phenomenon which may result from use of beta-adrenergic antagonist in the presence of stimulant toxicity. These topics encompass clinical situations and disease entities that are increasingly encountered and are often either unanticipated or under-recognized.

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Citations

Jul 20, 2019·Addiction·Johan Duflou
Jan 14, 2019·BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care·Jean-Philippe Laroche
Mar 29, 2021·Resuscitation·Carsten LottUNKNOWN ERC Special Circumstances Writing Group Collaborators
Jun 9, 2021·Archives of Toxicology·Jorge SoaresJoão Paulo Capela
Jun 16, 2021·Notfall & Rettungsmedizin·Carsten LottJasmeet Soar
Sep 13, 2021·The American Journal of Nursing·Kartavya SharmaFaith Newton

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