Symptoms related to the menstrual cycle: diagnosis, prevalence, and treatment

Journal of Psychiatric Practice
Anita H Clayton

Abstract

Menstrual cycle-related symptoms are associated with the intrinsic hormonal fluctuations of the menstrual cycle. These symptoms can be physical, behavioral, or emotional and include problems such as dysmenorrhea, premenstrual syndrome (PMS), and premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD). Because of the emotional and behavioral aspects of menstrual cycle-related symptoms, it is likely that clinical psychiatrists will encounter these symptoms in their daily practice and should therefore be familiar with their diagnosis, prevalence, etiology, and treatment. As many as 2.5 million women are affected by menstrual disorders each year, which can have a profound impact on their quality of life. Although a definitive etiology has yet to be established, fluctuations in estrogen and progesterone as well as genetic factors are thought to contribute to the occurrence of menstrual disorders. Current treatment options include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (for dysmenorrhea), lifestyle changes, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), and ovulation suppression (e.g., with oral contraceptives). Treatment with oral contraceptives (OCs), particularly extended or continuous use, may significantly reduce the incidence of menstr...Continue Reading

References

Apr 1, 1992·Journal of Psychosomatic Research·C A Graham, B B Sherwin
Mar 1, 1990·Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology·M Y Dawood
Nov 1, 1989·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·J J WurtmanB Laferrere
Mar 23, 1989·The New England Journal of Medicine·D R Mishell
Apr 1, 1995·Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·E ErikssonC Sundblad
Sep 1, 1993·Contraception·A C CachrimanidouB Sikström
May 1, 1993·Southern Medical Journal·M L Elks
Nov 15, 1996·Psychiatry Research·E W FreemanK Rickels
Jan 22, 1998·The New England Journal of Medicine·P J SchmidtD R Rubinow
Aug 6, 1998·British Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology·W Y Zhang, A Li Wan Po
May 20, 1999·BMJ : British Medical Journal·K M WyattP M Shaughn O'Brien
Dec 1, 2001·Seminars in Reproductive Medicine·M Dayal, K T Barnhart
Jul 24, 2002·The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology·Adam OpbroekRachel Manber
Nov 20, 2002·Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy·Mohamed F MitwallyUriel Halbreich
Apr 1, 2003·CNS Drugs·Torbjörn BäckströmDi Zhu
Apr 26, 2003·Archives of Women's Mental Health·M SteinerD Stewart
May 1, 2004·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·William D SchlaffDeborah L Smith
May 25, 2004·Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry·Ellen W. Freeman, Steven J. Sondheimer
Jul 13, 2004·Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine·Bonnie B Dean, Jeff E Borenstein
Jan 12, 2005·Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine·Jeff BorensteinSally Wade
Apr 21, 2005·Primary Care Companion to the Journal of Clinical Psychiatry·Teri B PearlsteinMeir Steiner
May 27, 2005·Journal of Women's Health·Tara W StrineIndu B Ahluwalia
Jun 23, 2005·Gynecological Endocrinology : the Official Journal of the International Society of Gynecological Endocrinology·Uriel Halbreich
Aug 16, 2005·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·Meir SteinerElisabeth Van Erp
Dec 22, 2005·Archives of Women's Mental Health·A H ClaytonW Evans
Jan 19, 2006·Journal of Women's Health·Meir SteinerKimberly Yonkers

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Nov 16, 2010·Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology : RB&E·Violetta Skrzypulec-PlintaRyszard Plinta
Dec 4, 2008·Journal of Women's Health·Eynav Elgavish AccorttJohn J B Allen
Jul 7, 2009·Journal of Women's Health·Sharon A ChungColin M Shapiro
Jun 16, 2011·Journal of Women's Health·Corey E PilverBecca R Levy
Oct 30, 2010·The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health Care : the Official Journal of the European Society of Contraception·Gabriele S Merki-Feld, Martin Hund
Apr 16, 2014·The Journal of Pediatrics·Alan D Rogol, Gregory F Hayden
Jul 22, 2010·The Journal of Sexual Medicine·Krzysztof NowosielskiRyszard Plinta
Nov 9, 2010·Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology·Theophilus O NwankwoPatricia N Aniebue
Aug 4, 2015·Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology·Mariola CzajkowskaVioletta Skrzypulec-Plinta
Apr 27, 2011·The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research·Agnieszka DrosdzolRyszard Plinta
Feb 22, 2011·Journal of Clinical Nursing·Han-Fu Cheng
Aug 12, 2015·Archives of Women's Mental Health·Rosalind BrockPauline Slade
Jun 26, 2013·Journal of Clinical Psychology·Julia R CranerMorgan L McGillicuddy
Jun 27, 2013·Journal of Affective Disorders·Eynav E AccorttJohn J B Allen
Sep 15, 2011·Value in Health : the Journal of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research·Ezequiel Pérez-CamposLuis Ignacio Lete
Aug 2, 2011·Journal of Affective Disorders·Meir SteinerRoger Haskett
Dec 19, 2017·Frontiers in Psychology·Daniela VillaniAlessandro Antonietti
Jan 20, 2011·Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine·Yu O Fedotova, N E Ordyan
Sep 3, 2013·The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease·Julia CranerMorgan McGillicuddy
Aug 12, 2014·Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology·Anna Lea Altshuler, Paula J Adams Hillard

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.