Synaptic Vesicle Endocytosis in Different Model Systems

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience
Quan Gan, Shigeki Watanabe

Abstract

Neurotransmission in complex animals depends on a choir of functionally distinct synapses releasing neurotransmitters in a highly coordinated manner. During synaptic signaling, vesicles fuse with the plasma membrane to release their contents. The rate of vesicle fusion is high and can exceed the rate at which synaptic vesicles can be re-supplied by distant sources. Thus, local compensatory endocytosis is needed to replenish the synaptic vesicle pools. Over the last four decades, various experimental methods and model systems have been used to study the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying synaptic vesicle cycle. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is thought to be the predominant mechanism for synaptic vesicle recycling. However, recent studies suggest significant contribution from other modes of endocytosis, including fast compensatory endocytosis, activity-dependent bulk endocytosis, ultrafast endocytosis, as well as kiss-and-run. Currently, it is not clear whether a universal model of vesicle recycling exist for all types of synapses. It is possible that each synapse type employs a particular mode of endocytosis. Alternatively, multiple modes of endocytosis operate at the same synapse, and the synapse toggles between diffe...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 23, 2019·Archives of Pharmacal Research·Yeonsun JinSung Hoon Lee
May 1, 2019·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Ardalan HendiKota Mizumoto
Dec 7, 2018·Journal of Cell Science·Claudia Hinze, Emmanuel Boucrot
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Methods Mentioned

BETA
electron microscopy
GTPase
chemical fixation

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